Esther
Session
1 - Introduction to Esther: "A
Time for Esther: God's Sovereignty"- Esther 4:14
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Alistair Begg Sermon
– Introduction Part ONE
– Introduction Part TWO
– Part ONE - The Prophesied Kingdom
– Part TWO - The Prophesied Kingdom
Focus: An overview of the Book of Esther and its relevance today.
Purpose Statement: To introduce the historical and cultural setting of Esther, highlighting God's providence even when His name is not explicitly mentioned.
Esther 4:14 “For if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s family will perish. And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?”
UNDERSTANDING ESTHER’S WORLD: A Different Time, A Similar God
To really understand the book of Esther, we have to step into a very different world—one ruled by kings with absolute power, where women had little say in their futures, and where being the wrong race or religion could cost you your life. Esther lived in ancient Persia, a kingdom full of wealth, beauty, and political intrigue. The Persian king, Xerxes (also called Ahasuerus), was known for his lavish feasts, quick temper, and unpredictable decisions. In this culture, kings were considered almost god-like, and their word was law—once a decree was made, it could never be undone (Esther 1:19, 8:8). This helps us understand why Esther risked so much when she approached the king without an invitation (Esther 4:11). Unlike today, where leaders are elected and people have rights, Esther’s world was one where a single person’s favor—or anger—could change everything.
While the culture of Persia might feel distant from our lives today, the struggles in Esther’s story are surprisingly familiar. Esther faced fear, uncertainty, and pressure to stay silent in a difficult situation. Mordecai, her cousin, had to stand firm in his faith even when it was dangerous. And Haman, the villain, let pride and anger drive him to destruction. In the same way, people today deal with fear, peer pressure, and the challenge of doing the right thing when it’s hard. Esther’s story reminds us that God is always working, even when He seems silent. It also challenges us to be brave, trust His plan, and use our influence for good, just as Esther did.
Time Period: The events in Esther take place during the reign of King Xerxes I (also called Ahasuerus) of Persia, around 485-465 B.C.
Setting: The Jewish people were in exile in Persia after the fall of the Babylonian empire. While some Jews had returned to Jerusalem to rebuild, many remained scattered across the Persian Empire, living in relative peace but under Persian rule.
Key Themes in the Book of Esther:
God's Sovereignty: While God's name is not mentioned in the Book of Esther, His presence is felt throughout. The unfolding of events shows that God is at work in ways unseen by the human eye, guiding and orchestrating the details of Esther’s life and the salvation of the Jewish people.
Example: The king’s sleepless night leading to the remembrance of Mordecai’s loyalty is a clear example of God’s hand at work, though it appears as just a coincidence (Esther 6:1-2).
Divine Providence: The story demonstrates how God works through human decisions and events to fulfill His purposes, even when the people involved may not recognize it at the time.
Example: Esther’s rise to the position of queen seems random, but God placed her there for such a time as this (Esther 4:14).
Courage and Obedience: Esther’s courage in the face of fear is a central theme. Her willingness to risk her life for the sake of her people reflects deep trust in God’s providence.
Example: Esther’s decision to approach King Xerxes without being summoned was a moment of courage, trusting God to move in her favor (Esther 5:1-3).
Deliverance and Celebration: At the heart of the Book of Esther is the theme of deliverance, showing that God is faithful to His people, even when they are in difficult situations.
Example: The victory over Haman and the subsequent establishment of the Feast of Purim celebrate God's intervention and the deliverance of His people (Esther 9:20-32).
RELEVANCE OF ESTHER TODAY:
God is Sovereign in Our Lives: Just like in the story of Esther, we may not always see or recognize God’s hand in our daily lives, but He is always at work, guiding us through the circumstances of life. Even when things feel uncertain or out of control, God is sovereign.
Application: Reflect on times when you have seen God’s hand in your own live, even when you did not recognize it at the time.
Courage in the Face of Adversity: Esther’s story challenges us to step out in courage when God calls us to act, even when the situation seems intimidating or difficult. We may not always have a "guarantee" of success, but we trust that God will be with us.
Application: Think about moments when you have had to show courage in your live, and how trusting in God helped you through.
God Works Behind the Scenes:
The Book of Esther reminds us that God is often at work behind the scenes in our lives, even when we can't see or understand how He’s moving. We may not always hear His voice or see His immediate intervention, but His work is constant.
Application: Even when we don't see immediate results, God is always working out His plan for our good.
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: God’s name is never mentioned—But His hand is everywhere
One of the most astonishing aspects of the book of Esther is that it never explicitly mentions God, prayer, or worship—yet His divine providence is unmistakable throughout the story. For Christians today, this offers a powerful lesson: even when God seems silent, He is still at work behind the scenes. Esther’s rise from obscurity to royalty, Mordecai’s timely warnings, and the sudden reversal of Haman’s wicked plans all point to God’s unseen hand guiding events for His purposes. This challenges believers to trust in God’s sovereignty, even in seasons where He feels absent.
Clarifying a Difficult Teaching: "For Such a Time as This" (Esther 4:14)
A common misunderstanding of Mordecai’s famous words—"Who knows whether you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?"—is that Esther alone was God’s only hope to save the Jews. In reality, Mordecai acknowledges that God’s plans will prevail with or without her, but she has the opportunity to be part of His greater purpose. This teaches Christians today that while God invites them into His work, His will is never dependent on human action. Instead of feeling pressured, believers can step forward in faith, knowing that God’s plans are certain and their role is a privilege, not a burden.
DEVOTIONAL ALLEGORY: “Hidden Hands at Work”
In 1940, during World War II, over 300,000 Allied soldiers were trapped on the beaches of Dunkirk, surrounded by enemy forces. It seemed hopeless—yet something remarkable happened. Civilians with fishing boats, ferries, and small personal vessels risked their lives to rescue the soldiers, bringing them safely home. This moment, known as the “Miracle of Dunkirk,” was not marked by any grand display of power, but by ordinary people stepping up at just the right time.
Esther’s story is similar. God’s name is never mentioned in the book, yet His unseen hand is guiding events. A young Jewish woman, placed in a royal position she never expected, was given the opportunity to act—and through her courage, an entire people were saved. Sometimes, like in Dunkirk, or in our own lives, God is working in ways we don’t immediately recognize. He places us in situations “for such a time as this” (Esther 4:14), calling us to trust His plan and step forward in faith, even when He seems silent.
Just because you don’t see God working doesn’t mean He isn’t there. Have you ever experienced a time when things seemed random or unfair, but later, you saw how it all came together? That’s God’s hidden hand—just like in Esther’s life.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. Why do you think God chose to not be explicitly mentioned in the Book of Esther? How does this affect the way we understand His work in the world today?
2. What can we learn from Esther’s courage in the face of fear? How can we apply that to our own lives?
3. In what ways do you see God's providence working in your own life, even in ordinary moments?
EXTRA – NOT PART OF THE SESSION
KEY POINTS OF THE BOOK:
The book of Esther is a fascinating narrative that focuses on the deliverance of the Jewish people from a plot to destroy them in ancient Persia. Here are some key verses that capture the central themes and messages of the book, along with comments for each:
1. Esther 4:14 “For if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s family will perish. And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?”
— This is one of the most famous verses in the book and speaks to Esther’s pivotal role in the story. Mordecai challenges Esther to recognize that her position as queen is not just a stroke of luck but perhaps a divinely appointed opportunity to save her people.
2. Esther 2:17 “Now the king was attracted to Esther more than to any of the other women, and she won his favor and approval more than any of the other virgins. So he set a royal crown on her head and made her queen instead of Vashti.”
— This verse marks Esther's rise to the position of queen, which is central to the unfolding of the narrative. God's providence is guiding events behind the scenes, setting the stage for Esther to become the instrument of deliverance for the Jews.
3. Esther 4:16 “Go, gather together all the Jews who are in Susa, and fast for me. Do not eat or drink for three days, night or day. I and my attendants will fast as you do. When this is done, I will go to the king, even though it is against the law. And if I perish, I perish.”
— Esther demonstrates remarkable courage and faith in this verse. She recognizes the gravity of the situation and the personal risk involved, yet she chooses to act for the sake of her people. The statement “If I perish, I perish” epitomizes the self-sacrifice and willingness to face danger for a higher purpose. It’s a moment of personal commitment and trust, emphasizing the themes of faith and courage.
4. Esther 5:2 “When he saw Queen Esther standing in the court, he was pleased with her and held out to her the gold scepter that was in his hand. So Esther approached and touched the tip of the scepter.”
— Esther’s courage continues as she risks her life by approaching the king uninvited, a crime punishable by death. The king’s reaction—holding out the scepter—indicates that her bold action is accepted. This moment highlights Esther’s faith in God’s protection and the favor she has gained in the king’s eyes. It sets the stage for the eventual deliverance of her people.
5. Esther 7:3 “Then Queen Esther answered, ‘If I have found favor with you, Your Majesty, and if it pleases you, grant me my life—this is my petition. And spare my people—this is my request.’”
— This is the climactic moment when Esther reveals her Jewish identity to the king and pleads for the life of her people. It marks a bold, decisive step in the plot. In this moment, Esther goes beyond personal risk to embrace her identity and fight for the survival of her people, showing the power of advocacy and standing firm for justice.
6. Esther 8:17 “In every province and in every city to which the edict of the king came, there was joy and gladness among the Jews, with feasting and celebrating. And many people of other nationalities became Jews because fear of the Jews had seized them.”
— This verse highlights the successful reversal of Haman’s decree and the joy that followed the deliverance of the Jews. It also shows how God’s protection and providence led to a transformation in the surrounding nations, with many converting to Judaism due to their awe of the Jewish people’s newfound strength. It illustrates the theme of God turning despair into hope and the power of a changed situation.
7. Esther 9:22 “As the time when the Jews got relief from their enemies and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy and their mourning into a day of celebration, he wrote them to observe the days as days of feasting and joy and giving presents of food to one another and gifts to the poor.”
— This verse describes the institution of the Feast of Purim, a celebration of the Jews' deliverance from destruction. It emphasizes the importance of remembering and celebrating divine intervention, and it provides a framework for future generations to reflect on God's faithfulness. The fact that it involves feasting and gifts to the poor also highlights the communal aspect of the celebration and the call to share with others.
8. Esther 10:3 “Mordecai the Jew was second in rank to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews, and held in high esteem by his many fellow Jews, because he worked for the good of his people and spoke up for the welfare of all the Jews.”
— The final verse of the book encapsulates the lasting impact of Mordecai’s actions in securing the safety of the Jews. It reflects the themes of leadership, justice, and community. Mordecai’s elevation to a high position illustrates the eventual reversal of fortunes, where those who sought harm for the Jews (like Haman) are overthrown, and those who stood for them (like Esther and Mordecai) are honored.
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
The Book of Esther shows us a powerful truth about God’s sovereignty—how He works in ways we may not always see or understand, but His plan is always moving forward. In Esther, God’s name is never mentioned, yet His hand is evident in every chapter. Esther, a young Jewish woman, finds herself in the royal palace of Persia, and it seems like a random turn of events. But through the seemingly ordinary choices and circumstances, God uses Esther for something extraordinary: the deliverance of His people. What this tells us is that God is at work in our lives, even when we can’t see Him or hear His voice. We may not always understand why things happen or where they are leading, but God is in control, orchestrating everything for His good purposes.
As you reflect on the story of Esther, remember that God’s plan is bigger than we can imagine. Even when things seem uncertain or when we feel like we are in situations beyond our control, we can trust that God is working behind the scenes. Just like Esther, we might find ourselves in moments where we have to make choices that align with God's will, and when we do, we can be confident that we’re part of something much greater than ourselves. God has a plan for each of us, and He’s always working in ways that are for our good and His glory.
CLOSING THOUGHTS:
The Book of Esther is a powerful reminder that, no matter how distant or invisible God may seem at times, He is actively working in our lives, orchestrating events for His glory and our good. As we continue our study, we will see how God uses ordinary people in extraordinary ways to accomplish His plans. Even when we don’t recognize it, God is with us, working behind the scenes to fulfill His purposes.
CROSS-REFERENCE
Here are a few New Testament scriptures that speak to God's sovereignty and His active role in our lives, similar to the message in Esther:
Romans 8:28 “And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who have been called according to his purpose.”
This verse is a reminder that, even when things seem difficult or uncertain, God is working all things for our good. Much like in the Book of Esther, we may not always see how God is working, but we can trust that He is.
Ephesians 1:11 “In him we were also chosen, having been predestined according to the plan of him who works out everything in conformity with the purpose of his will.”
This verse echoes the theme of God working behind the scenes, making sure everything happens according to His plan. It shows us that God’s sovereignty is at work in all things, just as it was in the Book of Esther.
Philippians 2:13 “For it is God who works in you to will and to act in order to fulfill his good purpose.”
In the New Testament, Paul reminds us that God is not distant. He actively works within us, guiding us toward His purpose. Just like Esther was chosen for a specific purpose, we too can trust that God is at work in us, even when we don’t see the full picture.
James 4:15 “Instead, you ought to say, ‘If it is the Lord’s will, we will live and do this or that.’”
James reminds us that our plans should always be submitted to God’s will. This speaks to the humility and trust we see in Esther's story, where she recognizes that God’s will is ultimately what matters, not our own plans or desires.
These verses remind us of the same message we see in Esther: God is sovereign, He works in all things for our good, and we can trust that He is guiding us to fulfill His purposes, even when we don’t understand how or why. Just like Esther, we have the opportunity to trust God’s plan and respond in faith.
Session 2:
Setting the Stage (Esther 1-2)-"From
Exile to Opportunity: The Beginning of Esther's Story"
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Alistair Begg Sermon
– Wine, Women and Self
– Providence
– Mordecai and Esther
READ: Esther 1-2— Link to READ: Esther 1-2
Focus: The rise of Esther and the political backdrop that sets the stage for God's plan.
Purpose Statement: To understand how God works in the midst of seemingly ordinary events and how Esther’s life unfolds through her circumstances.
Setting the Political Stage: The first two chapters of Esther introduce the grand setting for the story, which takes place in the Persian Empire during the reign of King Xerxes (Ahasuerus). It’s important to understand the political and cultural background of this time.
The Persian Empire: It takes place in the Persian Empire during the reign of King Xerxes. It’s important to understand the political and cultural background of this time. The Persian Empire was vast and powerful, stretching from India to Ethiopia. King Xerxes ruled this empire with absolute power, and his decisions affected the lives of millions.
Context for Esther’s Story: The Jewish people were living in exile within the empire, some in relative peace but still under foreign rule. They were part of a larger population that had to navigate life under Persian authority.
King Xerxes Reign and Power: King Xerxes is portrayed as a powerful but impulsive ruler. In Esther 1, he is hosting a lavish banquet to show off his wealth and power to the leaders of his empire. This event is important because it leads to the removal of Queen Vashti and the search for a new queen, setting the stage for Esther’s rise.
IN THIS PASSAGE:
God Works Through Ordinary Events: The rise of Esther seems like a random event, yet God is using the political upheaval, the king’s lavish banquets, and even Vashti’s defiance to prepare for something greater. We may not always see God’s hand immediately, but He uses the ordinary and even difficult circumstances to fulfill His purpose.
God’s Timing is Perfect: Esther’s life unfolds at exactly the right time—she becomes queen just when the Jewish people will need her most. God is never early or late; He works through time and history to accomplish His plans.
The Importance of Obedience and Wisdom: Esther’s wisdom in not revealing her identity and Mordecai’s guidance reflect the importance of following God’s leading in everyday decisions. Even seemingly small choices can have a profound impact when aligned with God’s will.
DEVOTIONAL ALLEGORY: "An Unexpected Hero"
Imagine a young woman who never expected to make history. She wasn't born into power, she didn’t seek fame, and yet, circumstances placed her in a position where she could make a difference.
Think about Rosa Parks, a woman who, in 1955, refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama. She wasn’t a politician or a warrior—just an ordinary person who found herself in an extraordinary moment. Her small act of courage sparked a movement that changed the course of history.
In the Book of Esther, we meet another young woman who never expected to be a hero. Esther was an orphan raised by her cousin Mordecai. She was taken from her home and placed in the palace of a foreign king, surrounded by wealth and power. At first, she may have wondered, Why am I here? What difference can I make? But as the story unfolds, we see how God was positioning her for something greater than she could have imagined.
Just like Rosa Parks, Esther’s story reminds us that we don’t have to be the strongest, smartest, or most powerful person to make an impact. Sometimes, God places us in certain situations for a reason—even if we don’t see it right away. The question is: When the time comes, will we have the courage to step up?
Reflection Question: Have you ever found yourself in a situation where you felt small or unimportant, only to realize later that you were exactly where you needed to be?
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: Clarifying a Difficult Teaching
In Esther 1:19, King Xerxes, influenced by his advisor Memucan, decrees that Queen Vashti is to be permanently removed from her royal position because of her refusal to appear before him and his guests. This edict not only strips Vashti of her title but also serves as a cautionary measure to prevent other women in the empire from following her example, aiming to uphold male authority within the Persian society.
This passage may raise questions about the treatment of women and the cultural norms of the time. It's important to recognize that the Book of Esther reflects the historical and cultural context of ancient Persia, where patriarchal values were dominant. The narrative doesn't necessarily endorse these practices but rather presents them as part of the story's setting, highlighting the challenges and injustices faced by individuals, especially women, during that era.
Discussion Questions:
1. How do you think Esther’s rise to power was influenced by God’s providence, even though she might not have realized it at the time?
2. What can we learn from Vashti’s refusal to obey the king? How might we respond in similar situations when we’re asked to compromise our values?
3. How have you seen God work through seemingly ordinary events in your life? Have you ever realized in hindsight that God was preparing you for something bigger?
4. Why is it important for us to make wise decisions, even when we don’t see the bigger picture?
BIBLE PASSAGE: Esther 1 and 2 (NIV) — Listen to Audio
1 This is what happened during the time of Xerxes, the Xerxes who ruled over 127 provinces stretching from India to Cush: 2 At that time King Xerxes reigned from his royal throne in the citadel of Susa, 3 and in the third year of his reign he gave a banquet for all his nobles and officials. The military leaders of Persia and Media, the princes, and the nobles of the provinces were present.
4 For a full 180 days he displayed the vast wealth of his kingdom and the splendor and glory of his majesty. 5 When these days were over, the king gave a banquet, lasting seven days, in the enclosed garden of the king’s palace, for all the people from the least to the greatest who were in the citadel of Susa. 6 The garden had hangings of white and blue linen, fastened with cords of white linen and purple material to silver rings on marble pillars. There were couches of gold and silver on a mosaic pavement of porphyry, marble, mother-of-pearl and other costly stones. 7 Wine was served in goblets of gold, each one different from the other, and the royal wine was abundant, in keeping with the king’s liberality. 8 By the king’s command each guest was allowed to drink with no restrictions, for the king instructed all the wine stewards to serve each man what he wished.
9 Queen Vashti also gave a banquet for the women in the royal palace of King Xerxes.
10 On the seventh day, when King Xerxes was in high spirits from wine, he commanded the seven eunuchs who served him—Mehuman, Biztha, Harbona, Bigtha, Abagtha, Zethar and Karkas— 11 to bring before him Queen Vashti, wearing her royal crown, in order to display her beauty to the people and nobles, for she was lovely to look at. 12 But when the attendants delivered the king’s command, Queen Vashti refused to come. Then the king became furious and burned with anger.
13 Since it was customary for the king to consult experts in matters of law and justice, he spoke with the wise men who understood the times 14 and were closest to the king—Karshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena and Memukan, the seven nobles of Persia and Media who had special access to the king and were highest in the kingdom.
15 “According to law, what must be done to Queen Vashti?” he asked. “She has not obeyed the command of King Xerxes that the eunuchs have taken to her.”
16 Then Memukan replied in the presence of the king and the nobles, “Queen Vashti has done wrong, not only against the king but also against all the nobles and the peoples of all the provinces of King Xerxes. 17 For the queen’s conduct will become known to all the women, and so they will despise their husbands and say, ‘King Xerxes commanded Queen Vashti to be brought before him, but she would not come.’ 18 This very day the Persian and Median women of the nobility who have heard about the queen’s conduct will respond to all the king’s nobles in the same way. There will be no end of disrespect and discord.
19 “Therefore, if it pleases the king, let him issue a royal decree and let it be written in the laws of Persia and Media, which cannot be repealed, that Vashti is never again to enter the presence of King Xerxes. Also let the king give her royal position to someone else who is better than she. 20 Then when the king’s edict is proclaimed throughout all his vast realm, all the women will respect their husbands, from the least to the greatest.”
21 The king and his nobles were pleased with this advice, so the king did as Memukan proposed. 22 He sent dispatches to all parts of the kingdom, to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, proclaiming that every man should be ruler over his own household, using his native tongue.
Chapter 2
1 Later when King Xerxes’ fury had subsided, he remembered Vashti and what she had done and what he had decreed about her. 2 Then the king’s personal attendants proposed, “Let a search be made for beautiful young virgins for the king. 3 Let the king appoint commissioners in every province of his realm to bring all these beautiful young women into the harem at the citadel of Susa. Let them be placed under the care of Hegai, the king’s eunuch, who is in charge of the women; and let beauty treatments be given to them. 4 Then let the young woman who pleases the king be queen instead of Vashti.” This advice appealed to the king, and he followed it.
5 Now there was in the citadel of Susa a Jew of the tribe of Benjamin, named Mordecai son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, 6 who had been carried into exile from Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, among those taken captive with Jehoiachin king of Judah. 7 Mordecai had a cousin named Hadassah, whom he had brought up because she had neither father nor mother. This young woman, who was also known as Esther, had a lovely figure and was beautiful. Mordecai had taken her as his own daughter when her father and mother died.
8 When the king’s order and edict had been proclaimed, many young women were brought to the citadel of Susa and put under the care of Hegai. Esther also was taken to the king’s palace and entrusted to Hegai, who had charge of the harem. 9 She pleased him and won his favor. Immediately he provided her with her beauty treatments and special food. He assigned to her seven female attendants selected from the king’s palace and moved her and her attendants into the best place in the harem.
10 Esther had not revealed her nationality and family background, because Mordecai had forbidden her to do so. 11 Every day he walked back and forth near the courtyard of the harem to find out how Esther was and what was happening to her.
12 Before a young woman’s turn came to go in to King Xerxes, she had to complete twelve months of beauty treatments prescribed for the women, six months with oil of myrrh and six with perfumes and cosmetics. 13 And this is how she would go to the king: Anything she wanted was given her to take with her from the harem to the king’s palace. 14 In the evening she would go there and in the morning return to another part of the harem to the care of Shaashgaz, the king’s eunuch who was in charge of the concubines. She would not return to the king unless he was pleased with her and summoned her by name.
15 When the turn came for Esther (the young woman Mordecai had adopted, the daughter of his uncle Abihail) to go to the king, she asked for nothing other than what Hegai, the king’s eunuch who was in charge of the harem, suggested. And Esther won the favor of everyone who saw her. 16 She was taken to King Xerxes in the royal residence in the tenth month, the month of Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign.
17 Now the king was attracted to Esther more than to any of the other women, and she won his favor and approval more than any of the other virgins. So he set a royal crown on her head and made her queen instead of Vashti. 18 And the king gave a great banquet, Esther’s banquet, for all his nobles and officials. He proclaimed a holiday throughout the provinces and distributed gifts with royal liberality.
19 When the virgins were assembled a second time, Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate. 20 But Esther had kept secret her family background and nationality just as Mordecai had told her to do, for she continued to follow Mordecai’s instructions as she had done when he was bringing her up.
21 During the time Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate, Bigthana and Teresh, two of the king’s officers who guarded the doorway, became angry and conspired to assassinate King Xerxes. 22 But Mordecai found out about the plot and told Queen Esther, who in turn reported it to the king, giving credit to Mordecai. 23 And when the report was investigated and found to be true, the two officials were impaled on poles. All this was recorded in the book of the annals in the presence of the king.
EXTRA – NOT PART OF THE SESSION
KEY EVENTS: in Esther 1: The Fall of Queen Vashti (Esther 1:1-22)
The King’s Banquet:
Verses 1-9: King Xerxes throws a lavish banquet lasting 180 days to display his wealth. During this time, he commands Queen Vashti to appear before him and show off her beauty, but she refuses.
Vashti’s Refusal: Vashti’s refusal to obey the king’s command is significant. In a culture where the king’s word was law, Vashti’s defiance is an act of courage. However, this leads to her being dethroned.
What We Can Learn: Even in an extravagant setting, a decision was made that seemed ordinary at the time but set in motion events that would fulfill God's purposes. Sometimes, even negative circumstances (like Vashti's removal) create the opportunity for God’s plan to unfold.
The Council’s Decision:
Verses 10-22: The king consults his counselors and decides that Vashti’s disobedience must be met with a consequence to maintain the law. She is removed as queen, and a decree is sent out across the empire that every man should rule his household.
God's Hand in the Situation: While the political decisions made here seem to be based on human wisdom or pride, God uses these events to prepare for the rise of Esther, a Jew who would eventually save her people. This reminds us that God works through political and personal upheavals for His greater purpose.
KEY EVENTS: in Esther 2: Esther’s Rise to the Palace (Esther 2:1-23)
The Search for a New Queen:
Verses 1-4: After Vashti’s removal, King Xerxes is in search of a new queen. A decree is made to gather beautiful young women from across the empire to be brought to the palace, and one will be chosen to replace Vashti.
God’s Providential Timing: At this point, Esther enters the scene. She is a Jewish orphan raised by her cousin Mordecai, and her beauty catches the attention of the king’s officials. This is a pivotal moment when Esther’s life, though seemingly ordinary, begins to align with God’s plan.
Esther’s Favor with Hegai:
Verses 5-9: Esther is taken to the palace and placed under the care of Hegai, the king’s eunuch. God grants her favor in the eyes of those in charge, which is an important part of the unfolding plan.
What We Can Learn: God works in the details of our lives, even in seemingly small moments. Esther gains favor, not by her own doing but by God’s providence. The ordinary circumstances of Esther’s life—being an orphan, being Jewish in a foreign land—become the means by which God prepares her for a greater purpose.
Esther's Approach to the King:
Verses 10-20: Esther, though chosen for the king’s harem, does not reveal her Jewish identity, following the advice of Mordecai. When the king sees Esther, he chooses her to be his queen.
God's Providence in Esther’s Choices: Even in her careful decisions, Esther shows wisdom in keeping her identity secret, which would later prove crucial in God’s plan for her people. God’s hand is evident in the favor Esther receives, as this event directly leads to her becoming queen.
Mordecai’s Role:
Verses 21-23: Mordecai, Esther’s cousin, plays a pivotal role in Esther’s life by instructing her on how to navigate the palace. He also uncovers a plot against the king and reports it, which will later come into play in the narrative.
Application: God uses everyday situations and relationships to position Esther for His purpose. Mordecai’s role here—informing the king of a plot—seems like an ordinary event but becomes crucial later on.
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT: Seeing the Bigger Picture of God's Plan
While the Book of Esther doesn't explicitly mention God, His presence is subtly woven throughout the events. The story invites readers to look for God's activity behind the scenes, recognizing that He works through ordinary circumstances and individuals to fulfill His purposes.
Esther's rise from an orphaned Jewish girl to the queen of Persia exemplifies how God positions people in places of influence for His greater plan. Her courage to act on behalf of her people demonstrates that, even in challenging times, individuals can be instruments of God's deliverance and justice. This narrative encourages believers to trust in God's sovereignty and His ability to work through human actions to bring about His will.
CROSS-REFERENCE: Similar Teachings in the New Testament
Romans 8:28 "And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who have been called according to his purpose.
Philippians 1:12 "Now I want you to know, brothers and sisters, that what has happened to me has actually served to advance the gospel."
These New Testament passages echo the theme of God's providence seen in Esther's story, reinforcing the belief that God orchestrates events and positions individuals to fulfill His divine purposes.
Closing Thoughts: In this session, we see how Esther’s story begins with what may appear to be just an ordinary series of events. However, we also see that God is at work behind the scenes, preparing Esther for a time and purpose she couldn’t yet understand. The rise of Esther to the palace is just the beginning of God’s plan, and it serves as a reminder that God uses every moment—every relationship and every decision—as part of His greater purpose. Even the smallest events in life can be part of God’s grand design, and it will set the tone for the rest of the study as they watch Esther’s story unfold.
Session
3: Have
Courage (Esther 3-4)-"Courage
in the Face of Crisis: Esther’s Bold Decision"
Printable
Download
Alistair Begg Sermon
– God is in Charge
– Fasting, Weeping, Lamenting
– Part ONE - For such a Time as This
– Part TWO - For such a Time as This
READ: Esther 3-4 — Link to READ: Esther 3-4
Focus: Esther’s courage to stand up for her people when faced with a life-threatening decision.
Purpose Statement: To examine Esther's bravery in the face of fear and how we too can step out in courage when called by God.
OVERVIEW: Courage in the Face of Crisis
Esther, a young Jewish queen, found herself in a terrifying position—her people were sentenced to death, and she was the only one who could speak up. But approaching the king without an invitation could cost her life. Would she stay silent, or would she risk everything for the sake of her people?
Billy Graham once said, “Courage is contagious. When a brave man takes a stand, the spines of others are often stiffened.” Esther’s courage inspired her people, and her story continues to inspire us today.
Key Verse: “And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?” (Esther 4:14)
EXAMINE THE TEXT
At this point in the story, Haman, a high-ranking official in Persia, is furious that Mordecai (Esther’s cousin) refuses to bow to him. In his anger, Haman convinces King Xerxes to issue a decree ordering the destruction of all Jewish people in the kingdom (Esther 3:5-6). Since Persian laws could not be reversed, this was essentially a death sentence for an entire nation.
Mordecai, devastated by the news, sends word to Esther, urging her to plead with the king on behalf of her people (Esther 4:1-8). But there’s a huge problem—Persian law forbids anyone, even the queen, from approaching the king without being summoned. The penalty? Death. Esther has every reason to be afraid (Esther 4:11).
This is when Mordecai delivers his famous challenge: “And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?” (Esther 4:14). He reminds Esther that she is in a unique position to make a difference. God has placed her where she is for a reason.
Despite her fear, Esther makes a bold choice. She asks her people to fast and pray for three days (Esther 4:16), then declares, “I will go to the king, even though it is against the law. And if I perish, I perish.” This is the turning point—Esther moves from fear to faith.
Through Esther’s bravery, we see that God often places us in positions of influence to accomplish His purposes. Like Esther, we may face fear, but God calls us to trust Him and step out in courage.
DEVOTIONAL ALLEGORY: "The Moment You Have to Decide"
Imagine you’re walking down the street and see someone being bullied. You feel the weight of a decision—do you step in and say something, or do you stay quiet and hope someone else will? Your heart races. You don’t want to get involved, but deep down, you know the right thing to do.
Esther faced a moment like this, but on a much bigger scale. She was safe in the palace, far from the immediate danger her people faced. But Mordecai reminded her that silence wasn’t an option—God had placed her in that position “for such a time as this” (Esther 4:14).
This reminds me of Desmond Doss, the World War II medic who refused to carry a weapon but still ran into battle to save his fellow soldiers. Despite fear, he chose to do what was right, saving 75 men on Hacksaw Ridge. Like Esther, he could have stayed safe, but instead, he stepped forward with courage.
Courage isn’t the absence of fear—it’s doing what’s right despite it. The next time you face a tough decision, remember Esther’s boldness. You may not be a queen or a soldier, but God places each of us in moments where we have a choice: stay silent or step out in faith.
Reflection Question: Have you ever felt God nudging you to take a stand? What happened when you did—or when you didn’t?
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: Clarifying a Difficult Teaching
In Esther 3:2, Mordecai refuses to bow down to Haman, the king's highest official, which leads to a decree for the annihilation of all Jews in the Persian Empire. This act of defiance might seem rebellious, but it was rooted in deep conviction. Mordecai's refusal was likely due to his Jewish faith, which prohibited bowing to anyone but God. This incident highlights the tension between personal beliefs and societal expectations, and how standing firm in one's convictions can lead to significant challenges.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. What made Esther’s decision so difficult? How does her example challenge us when we face tough decisions or fearful situations?
2. How can Mordecai’s words to Esther (“for such a time as this”) apply to our own lives? Do you believe God places us in specific situations for His purpose?
3. What role do prayer and fasting play in gaining courage to face challenges? Have you ever faced a situation where prayer and seeking God’s will gave you the strength to act?
4. In what ways can we be courageous in standing up for what is right, even when it costs us something?
BIBLE PASSAGE: Esther 3 and 4 (NIV) — Listen to Audio
1 After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him and giving him a seat of honor higher than that of all the other nobles. 2 All the royal officials at the king’s gate knelt down and paid honor to Haman, for the king had commanded this concerning him. But Mordecai would not kneel down or pay him honor.
3 Then the royal officials at the king’s gate asked Mordecai, “Why do you disobey the king’s command?” 4 Day after day they spoke to him but he refused to comply. Therefore they told Haman about it to see whether Mordecai’s behavior would be tolerated, for he had told them he was a Jew.
5 When Haman saw that Mordecai would not kneel down or pay him honor, he was enraged. 6 Yet having learned who Mordecai’s people were, he scorned the idea of killing only Mordecai. Instead Haman looked for a way to destroy all Mordecai’s people, the Jews, throughout the whole kingdom of Xerxes.
7 In the twelfth year of King Xerxes, in the first month, the month of Nisan, the pur (that is, the lot) was cast in the presence of Haman to select a day and month. And the lot fell on the twelfth month, the month of Adar.
8 Then Haman said to King Xerxes, “There is a certain people dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom who keep themselves separate. Their customs are different from those of all other people, and they do not obey the king’s laws; it is not in the king’s best interest to tolerate them. 9 If it pleases the king, let a decree be issued to destroy them, and I will give ten thousand talents of silver to the king’s administrators for the royal treasury.”
10 So the king took his signet ring from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of the Jews. 11 “Keep the money,” the king said to Haman, “and do with the people as you please.”
12 Then on the thirteenth day of the first month the royal secretaries were summoned. They wrote out in the script of each province and in the language of each people all Haman’s orders to the king’s satraps, the governors of the various provinces and the nobles of the various peoples. These were written in the name of King Xerxes himself and sealed with his own ring. 13 Dispatches were sent by couriers to all the king’s provinces with the order to destroy, kill and annihilate all the Jews—young and old, women and children—on a single day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, and to plunder their goods. 14 A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued as law in every province and made known to the people of every nationality so they would be ready for that day.
15 The couriers went out, spurred on by the king’s command, and the edict was issued in the citadel of Susa. The king and Haman sat down to drink, but the city of Susa was bewildered.
4 When Mordecai learned of all that had been done, he tore his clothes, put on sackcloth and ashes, and went out into the city, wailing loudly and bitterly. 2 But he went only as far as the king’s gate, because no one clothed in sackcloth was allowed to enter it. 3 In every province to which the edict and order of the king came, there was great mourning among the Jews, with fasting, weeping and wailing. Many lay in sackcloth and ashes.
4 When Esther’s eunuchs and female attendants came and told her about Mordecai, she was in great distress. She sent clothes for him to put on instead of his sackcloth, but he would not accept them. 5 Then Esther summoned Hathak, one of the king’s eunuchs assigned to attend her, and ordered him to find out what was troubling Mordecai and why.
6 So Hathak went out to Mordecai in the open square of the city in front of the king’s gate. 7 Mordecai told him everything that had happened to him, including the exact amount of money Haman had promised to pay into the royal treasury for the destruction of the Jews. 8 He also gave him a copy of the text of the edict for their annihilation, which had been published in Susa, to show to Esther and explain it to her, and he told him to instruct her to go into the king’s presence to beg for mercy and plead with him for her people.
9 Hathak went back and reported to Esther what Mordecai had said. 10 Then she instructed him to say to Mordecai, 11 “All the king’s officials and the people of the royal provinces know that for any man or woman who approaches the king in the inner court without being summoned the king has but one law: that they be put to death unless the king extends the gold scepter to them and spares their lives. But thirty days have passed since I was called to go to the king.”
12 When Esther’s words were reported to Mordecai, 13 he sent back this answer: “Do not think that because you are in the king’s house you alone of all the Jews will escape. 14 For if you remain silent at this time, relief and deliverance for the Jews will arise from another place, but you and your father’s family will perish. And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?”
15 Then Esther sent this reply to Mordecai: 16 “Go, gather together all the Jews who are in Susa, and fast for me. Do not eat or drink for three days, night or day. I and my attendants will fast as you do. When this is done, I will go to the king, even though it is against the law. And if I perish, I perish.”
17 So Mordecai went away and carried out all of Esther’s instructions.
EXTRA – NOT PART OF THE SESSION
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT: Seeing the Bigger Picture of God's Plan
Esther's courageous decision to approach King Xerxes without being summoned, risking her life to save her people, serves as a powerful example of stepping out in faith when faced with daunting circumstances. Her story reminds us that God often places us in positions to make a difference, even when it requires great personal risk. Recognizing these moments as opportunities to act can lead to outcomes, not just for ourselves but for those around us. This narrative encourages us to trust in God's sovereignty and to be bold in our actions when we sense His calling.
CROSS-REFERENCE: Similar Teachings in the New Testament
Matthew 14:27: "But Jesus immediately said to them: 'Take courage! It is I. Don't be afraid.'"
2 Timothy 1:7: "For the Spirit God gave us does not make us timid, but gives us power, love and self-discipline."
SETTING THE STAGE:
The Rise of Haman and His Plot (Esther 3:1-6):
Haman’s Promotion: King Xerxes promotes Haman, an Agagite, to the highest position in the kingdom, causing all the king's officials to bow to him.
Mordecai’s Refusal: Mordecai, Esther's cousin, refuses to bow to Haman. Haman is enraged by this defiance, and, upon learning that Mordecai is a Jew, he decides to destroy all the Jews in the Persian Empire, not just Mordecai.
Haman’s Decree: Haman convinces King Xerxes to issue a decree that on a specific day, all Jews in the kingdom should be killed, and their possessions plundered.
What We Can Learn:
The Power of Hatred and Pride: Haman’s pride and hatred lead him to make a genocidal decision that will affect thousands of innocent people. This reminds us of how unchecked pride and hatred can lead to devastating consequences.
The Threat to Esther’s People: For Esther, this is not just a distant political event—this decree puts her life, and the lives of all her people, in grave danger. Her position as queen may seem safe, but now she faces a crisis that requires courage.
The Turning Point: Mordecai’s Plea (Esther 4:1-14)
Mordecai’s Response and Mourning (Esther 4:1-3):
Mordecai's Grief: Upon hearing of the king's decree, Mordecai mourns deeply, tearing his clothes, wearing sackcloth, and going out into the city in despair. Many Jews throughout the empire do the same.
Esther’s Concern: Esther, hearing of Mordecai’s actions, sends him clothes, but he refuses. He wants to communicate the seriousness of the situation to her.
Mordecai’s Message to Esther (Esther 4:4-11):
Esther's Dilemma: Esther is reluctant to get involved, especially since approaching the king without being summoned is punishable by death. She’s in a position of power, but taking action could cost her life.
Mordecai’s Challenge: Mordecai sends a powerful message to Esther:
Verses 12-14: "Do not think that because you are in the king’s house you alone of all the Jews will escape... And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?"
Mordecai challenges Esther to consider that her position as queen may have been providentially placed by God for this very moment—to save her people.
What We Can Learn:
Courage in Crisis: Esther is in a moment of crisis, and the decision she faces is life-threatening. But Mordecai’s words remind her that her position might be part of God’s plan to bring deliverance to her people.
Purpose in Position: Mordecai helps Esther see that her role as queen is not just for her own comfort or safety, but for a greater purpose. This can remind us that God places us in specific circumstances, not for our benefit alone, but to fulfill His purpose.
Esther’s Courageous Decision (Esther 4:15-17):
Esther’s Words: After hearing Mordecai’s challenge, Esther replies, “Go, gather together all the Jews who are in Susa, and fast for me. Do not eat or drink for three days, night or day. I and my attendants will fast as you do. When this is done, I will go to the king, even though it is against the law. And if I perish, I perish” (Esther 4:16).
What We Can Learn: Esther’s decision to risk her life for the sake of her people is an act of immense courage. She acknowledges the risks but is willing to obey God’s call, trusting that He is in control, even if she doesn’t know the outcome.
The Power of Prayer and Fasting:
Spiritual Preparation: Before taking action, Esther calls for a time of fasting and prayer. She recognizes that courage alone won’t be enough—she needs God’s strength and guidance.
What We Can Learn: In times of crisis, we too can pray and fast, seeking God’s will and strength before stepping out in faith. Esther’s courage is rooted in her dependence on God.
The Courage of Esther:
Fear
and Courage Coexist:
Courage
is not the absence of fear, but the willingness to act despite fear.
Esther was undoubtedly afraid—her life was at risk. But her faith
in God, her sense of responsibility to her people, and her trust in
God’s sovereignty led her to act.
God’s
Call on Our Lives:
Like
Esther, we may find ourselves in situations where we are faced with
hard decisions or crisis moments. Sometimes, God calls us to step out
in faith, even when the outcome is uncertain. When God calls us to
act, He will equip us with the courage to follow through, just as He
did with Esther.
Closing Thoughts:
Esther’s story is one of courage in the face of fear. She understood that her position was not just for her own benefit but was a divine appointment for such a time as this. Like Esther, we may face situations that require great courage, but we can trust that God will provide the strength and wisdom we need. Just as Esther stepped out in faith, we too can trust that God will equip us to act in obedience to His will, no matter the cost. These passages echo the theme of courage found in Esther's story, emphasizing that with God's presence and empowerment, we can face our fears and challenges with boldness.
Session
4: Faithfulness
Brings Honor (Esther 5-6)-"God’s
Timing and Favor: Faithfulness in Action"
Printable
Download
Alistair Begg Sermon
–O Father, You are Sovereign!
–The Unseen Hand of God
READ: Esther 5-6 — Link to READ: Esther 5-6
Focus: Esther’s faithfulness and trust in God’s timing, and how God’s favor is revealed.
Purpose Statement: To explore the importance of waiting on God's timing and remaining faithful in the midst of challenges, knowing that He honors those who honor Him.
OVERVIEW
In Esther 5-6, we witness Esther's courageous actions and God's timely intervention, highlighting the rewards of faithfulness. Esther, upon learning of Haman's plot to annihilate the Jews, risks her life by approaching King Ahasuerus without an invitation—a breach of protocol punishable by death. Her invitation to a banquet with the king and Haman sets the stage for her plea to save her people. These chapters underscore the significance of trusting in God's timing and remaining faithful amidst challenges, with the assurance that He honors those who honor Him.
Key Verse: Esther 4:14b – "And who knows but that you have come to your royal position for such a time as this?"
EXAMINE THE TEXT
In Esther 5, Esther, after a three-day fast with her fellow Jews, courageously approaches King Ahasuerus, who extends his golden scepter, sparing her life. She invites the king and Haman to a banquet, where she plans to present her request. At the banquet, the king offers to grant her any wish, up to half his kingdom. Esther invites them to another banquet the following day, setting the stage for her plea.
That night, the king is troubled and orders the royal chronicles to be read to him. The account of Mordecai uncovering an assassination plot against the king is read, and the king realizes that Mordecai has not been honored. Haman, arriving to request Mordecai's execution, is instead compelled to honor Mordecai publicly, leading to his humiliation.
In Esther 6, after honoring Mordecai, Haman is invited to Esther's second banquet. There, Esther reveals her Jewish identity and exposes Haman's plot to destroy her people. Enraged, the king orders Haman's execution on the very gallows Haman had prepared for Mordecai. Esther is granted Haman's estate, and Mordecai is promoted to Haman's former position, signifying a dramatic reversal of fortunes.
These events illustrate God's providence, working through Esther's bravery and timing to protect the Jewish people. The narrative emphasizes that remaining faithful and trusting in God's plan can lead to deliverance, even in perilous circumstances. It also highlights the reversal of fortunes, where those who plot evil may face their own downfall, and the faithful are honored. This story encourages believers to act courageously in the face of adversity, trusting that God honors those who honor Him.
DEVOTIONAL ALLEGORY: "The Right Time Matters"
Have you ever tried to pick a piece of fruit before it was ripe? Maybe you grabbed a banana that was still green or a peach that was too hard. You were hungry, and you didn’t want to wait—but when you took a bite, it just didn’t taste right. Timing makes all the difference.
In Esther 5-6, we see how Esther didn’t rush into action, even though she was facing a crisis. Instead, she showed wisdom and patience. Rather than immediately pleading for her people’s lives, she invited the king and Haman to a banquet—not once, but twice—waiting for the perfect moment to speak (Esther 5:4-8). At the same time, God was working behind the scenes. That very night, the king couldn’t sleep, and he was reminded of Mordecai’s loyalty (Esther 6:1-3). By the time Esther finally revealed Haman’s evil plan, everything was set in place for God’s justice and favor to be shown.
This reminds me of Nelson Mandela, who spent 27 years in prison before seeing the end of apartheid in South Africa. He could have given up or acted in anger, but he trusted that the right moment would come. When it did, his patience and perseverance led to peace and change.
Like Esther, we often want solutions now, but God’s timing is always best. If we remain faithful, He will work in ways we may not see right away.
Reflection Question: Have you ever acted too quickly and regretted it? How can you learn to trust God's timing in your life?
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: Clarifying a Difficult Teaching
In Esther 5:6, King Ahasuerus offers Esther anything she desires, up to half his kingdom, after she invites him and Haman to a banquet. This extravagant promise might seem unusual, but it was a customary expression of goodwill in Persian culture, demonstrating the king's favor and generosity. Understanding this cultural context helps clarify the king's response and sets the stage for Esther's courageous plea to save her people.
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT: Seeing the Bigger Picture of God's Plan
Esther's story illustrates how God orchestrates events and positions individuals to fulfill His divine purposes. By remaining faithful and trusting in God's timing, Esther became an instrument of deliverance for her people. This narrative encourages us to recognize our unique roles in God's plan and to act with courage and conviction, knowing that our faithfulness aligns with His greater purpose.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
What do you think God was teaching Esther by having her wait for the perfect moment to approach the king? How does this relate to our own struggles with waiting on God’s timing?
How does Esther's restraint and wisdom in planning her banquet show her faithfulness to God’s timing? What are some situations in your life where waiting on God’s timing has been challenging?
How does the story of Haman’s pride and downfall illustrate the difference between self-exaltation and God's honor? How can we remain humble and faithful even when others might seem to be getting ahead?
What are some practical ways we can remain faithful and patient while waiting on God’s perfect timing?
BIBLE PASSAGE: Esther 5 and 6 (NIV) — Listen to Audio
1 On the third day Esther put on her royal robes and stood in the inner court of the palace, in front of the king’s hall. The king was sitting on his royal throne in the hall, facing the entrance. 2 When he saw Queen Esther standing in the court, he was pleased with her and held out to her the gold scepter that was in his hand. So Esther approached and touched the tip of the scepter.
3 Then the king asked, “What is it, Queen Esther? What is your request? Even up to half the kingdom, it will be given you.”
4 “If it pleases the king,” replied Esther, “let the king, together with Haman, come today to a banquet I have prepared for him.”
5 “Bring Haman at once,” the king said, “so that we may do what Esther asks.”
So the king and Haman went to the banquet Esther had prepared. 6 As they were drinking wine, the king again asked Esther, “Now what is your petition? It will be given you. And what is your request? Even up to half the kingdom, it will be granted.”
7 Esther replied, “My petition and my request is this: 8 If the king regards me with favor and if it pleases the king to grant my petition and fulfill my request, let the king and Haman come tomorrow to the banquet I will prepare for them. Then I will answer the king’s question.”
9 Haman went out that day happy and in high spirits. But when he saw Mordecai at the king’s gate and observed that he neither rose nor showed fear in his presence, he was filled with rage against Mordecai. 10 Nevertheless, Haman restrained himself and went home.
Calling together his friends and Zeresh, his wife, 11 Haman boasted to them about his vast wealth, his many sons, and all the ways the king had honored him and how he had elevated him above the other nobles and officials. 12 “And that’s not all,” Haman added. “I’m the only person Queen Esther invited to accompany the king to the banquet she gave. And she has invited me along with the king tomorrow. 13 But all this gives me no satisfaction as long as I see that Jew Mordecai sitting at the king’s gate.”
14 His wife Zeresh and all his friends said to him, “Have a pole set up, reaching to a height of fifty cubits, and ask the king in the morning to have Mordecai impaled on it. Then go with the king to the banquet and enjoy yourself.” This suggestion delighted Haman, and he had the pole set up.
Chapter 6
1 That night the king could not sleep; so he ordered the book of the chronicles, the record of his reign, to be brought in and read to him. 2 It was found recorded there that Mordecai had exposed Bigthana and Teresh, two of the king’s officers who guarded the doorway, who had conspired to assassinate King Xerxes.
3 “What honor and recognition has Mordecai received for this?” the king asked.
“Nothing has been done for him,” his attendants answered.
4 The king said, “Who is in the court?” Now Haman had just entered the outer court of the palace to speak to the king about impaling Mordecai on the pole he had set up for him.
5 His attendants answered, “Haman is standing in the court.”
“Bring him in,” the king ordered.
6 When Haman entered, the king asked him, “What should be done for the man the king delights to honor?”
Now Haman thought to himself, “Who is there that the king would rather honor than me?” 7 So he answered the king, “For the man the king delights to honor, 8 have them bring a royal robe the king has worn and a horse the king has ridden, one with a royal crest placed on its head. 9 Then let the robe and horse be entrusted to one of the king’s most noble princes. Let them robe the man the king delights to honor, and lead him on the horse through the city streets, proclaiming before him, ‘This is what is done for the man the king delights to honor!’”
10 “Go at once,” the king commanded Haman. “Get the robe and the horse and do just as you have suggested for Mordecai the Jew, who sits at the king’s gate. Do not neglect anything you have recommended.”
11 So Haman got the robe and the horse. He robed Mordecai, and led him on horseback through the city streets, proclaiming before him, “This is what is done for the man the king delights to honor!”
12 Afterward Mordecai returned to the king’s gate. But Haman rushed home, with his head covered in grief, 13 and told Zeresh his wife and all his friends everything that had happened to him.
His advisers and his wife Zeresh said to him, “Since Mordecai, before whom your downfall has started, is of Jewish origin, you cannot stand against him—you will surely come to ruin!” 14 While they were still talking with him, the king’s eunuchs arrived and hurried Haman away to the banquet Esther had prepared.
EXTRA – NOT PART OF THE SESSION
Esther’s Request for an Audience with the King (Esther 5)
Esther’s Bold Move (Esther 5:1-2):
The Risk: Esther approaches King Xerxes uninvited—a dangerous decision, as anyone who appeared before the king without being summoned could be put to death. However, she had fasted and prayed with her people, demonstrating faithfulness in preparation for this moment.
God’s Favor: To her surprise, King Xerxes extends the scepter to her, signifying his willingness to hear her request. This moment highlights God's favor in Esther’s bold action.
What We Can Learn: Faithfulness to God’s call, even in uncertain and scary circumstances, often leads to His favor. While Esther didn’t know the outcome of approaching the king, she acted in obedience, trusting God’s timing.
The King’s Invitation (Esther 5:3-8):
A Simple Request: The king asks Esther what she wants, offering up to half his kingdom. Instead of immediately making her request, Esther invites the king and Haman to a banquet.
What We Can Learn: In this moment, Esther demonstrates wisdom. She doesn’t rush the king, but instead uses the opportunity to set the stage for her request in a way that would be most favorable. She shows restraint and trust in God's perfect timing. Esther’s approach is calculated, not impulsive, indicating her patience in waiting for God’s plan to unfold.
What We Can Learn from Esther’s Faithfulness:
Patience and Trust in God’s Timing: Even when the situation seems urgent, Esther doesn’t rush. She waits on the timing that God has for her moment of intervention. She is being faithful in the little things (like holding the banquet) to set the stage for something bigger.
God’s Timing: Just because God’s timing doesn’t always align with our expectations doesn’t mean He isn’t at work. Esther trusted in God's plan, even when she couldn’t see all the details.
Haman’s Rising Pride and Fall (Esther 5:9-14)
Haman’s Rejoicing (Esther 5:9-14):
Haman's Pride: After being invited to the banquet, Haman feels elevated and full of pride. He goes home bragging about the king’s favor and the special treatment he’s received, yet Mordecai’s refusal to bow continues to frustrate him.
Haman’s Plan to Kill Mordecai: Haman becomes so enraged by Mordecai’s lack of reverence that he builds a gallows to hang him on, planning to ask the king for Mordecai’s execution.
What We Can Learn: Haman’s pride blinds him to the consequences of his actions. He seeks to elevate himself and destroy others, leading to his downfall. This contrasts with Esther’s humility and trust in God’s timing, which leads to her favor.
The Role of Faithfulness in the Face of Pride:
Pride vs. Faithfulness: Haman’s story serves as a warning about the dangers of pride. While he seeks to exalt himself, Esther remains humble, faithful, and dependent on God. Her actions are a reflection of God’s grace, while Haman’s are fueled by selfishness and pride.
The Challenge to Remain Humble: Just like Esther, we too must remain faithful to God and humble, even in times when others might be exalting themselves or boasting about their achievements. True honor comes from being faithful to God’s purpose, not self-promotion.
God’s Timing Revealed: The King’s Insomnia (Esther 6)
The King’s Sleepless Night (Esther 6:1-3):
A Divine Disruption: King Xerxes is unable to sleep one night, and he asks for the royal records to be read to him. In the process, he hears about Mordecai’s earlier act of loyalty, when he exposed a plot to kill the king.
What We Can Learn: This seemingly insignificant event (a sleepless night) is actually God's intervention at the perfect moment. It’s a reminder that God’s timing is never accidental. He orchestrates the details of life—even something as small as a sleepless night—to fulfill His purposes.
The King Honors Mordecai (Esther 6:4-14):
The King’s Decision: Upon hearing about Mordecai’s loyalty, the king decides to honor him. Haman, who had come to request Mordecai’s execution, is forced to parade Mordecai through the city in honor of his loyalty.
What We Can Learn: God’s timing is perfect, and when we remain faithful, He honors us in His time. Even when it seems like our faithfulness goes unnoticed, God sees and rewards it at just the right moment. Esther’s and Mordecai’s faithfulness in the small things is now being honored in the most public way.
Haman’s Humiliation:
Haman’s Fall: Haman’s pride and arrogance lead to his humiliation. Instead of being exalted, as he expected, he is forced to honor the very man he intended to destroy.
What We Can Learn: God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. Haman's story illustrates the downfall of those who seek to elevate themselves through pride, while those who remain faithful and humble are honored by God.
The Importance of Waiting on God’s Timing:
Faithfulness in Waiting: Both Esther and Mordecai are faithful in waiting on God’s timing. Esther’s careful planning, combined with her dependence on God through prayer and fasting, prepares her for a moment of favor. Mordecai’s loyalty to the king, even when it seemed like he was forgotten, ultimately leads to his honor.
Trusting God in the Process: Waiting on God’s timing is not easy, but the Bible teaches us that faithfulness in the waiting leads to honor and reward. Esther shows us that when we trust God’s timing, we demonstrate faith that He is in control.
CROSS-REFERENCE: Similar Teachings in the New Testament
Romans 8:28 "And we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love him, who have been called according to his purpose."
Philippians 4:13 "I can do all this through him who gives me strength."
These passages echo the themes of God's providence and the empowerment of believers to fulfill His purposes, reinforcing the lessons from Esther's example.
Closing Thoughts:
Esther’s story in chapters 5 and 6 teaches us the importance of remaining faithful and trusting in God’s timing. Though she faced a dangerous and uncertain moment, her careful actions and prayerful dependence on God led to His favor and honor. Similarly, when we remain faithful in the small things, trusting God to lead us in His perfect timing, He will honor us in His time. Just as God honored Mordecai and Esther, He will honor us when we trust Him.
Session
5: Pride
and Hatred Lead to Destruction (Esther 7-8)-"The
Fall of the Proud: God’s Justice in Action"
Printable
Download
Alistair Begg Sermon
–Haman Is Hanged!
–Celebration Time
Focus: The destruction of Haman and the victory of God’s justice over evil and pride.
Purpose Statement: To reflect on the destructive power of pride and hatred, and how God’s justice ultimately prevails.
OVERVIEW
In Esther 7-8, we witness the dramatic downfall of Haman, the man who sought to destroy God's people through his pride and hatred. God’s justice unfolds as Haman’s evil plans are overturned, and he faces the very destruction he intended for others. These chapters highlight the power of pride and the consequences of acting out of hatred. As we reflect on the events in this story, we are reminded of the truth in Proverbs 16:18: "Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall." The key verse for this study is Esther 7:10: "So they hanged Haman on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai. Then the king’s fury subsided." This verse encapsulates the justice of God, showing that evil intentions will not go unchecked, and ultimately, God's righteousness will prevail.
EXAMINE THE TEXT
In Esther 7, the story reaches its climax. Haman, full of pride and hatred toward Mordecai, had made plans to exterminate the Jews. He even built gallows to hang Mordecai, believing his power and status would ensure his plans succeeded. However, the turning point comes during a banquet with King Xerxes and Queen Esther. Esther reveals to the king that Haman is plotting to destroy her and her people. When the king learns of Haman’s wickedness, his anger burns, and Haman is sentenced to the same fate he had prepared for Mordecai. The king orders Haman to be hanged on the gallows, and his downfall is a clear demonstration of how God’s justice works in the world, even when it seems that evil is in control.
Moving into chapter 8, we see the reversal of Haman's decrees. Esther pleads for the king to save the Jews, and through her influence, the king issues a new decree allowing the Jews to defend themselves. Mordecai is elevated to a position of power, and the Jewish people are given the right to protect their lives and property. These events show how God works through people, like Esther, to bring about justice, even when it seems impossible. In ancient Persia, laws could not be changed once they were issued, but God’s intervention makes a way for the impossible to happen.
In understanding the culture of the time, it’s important to note that pride and hatred were often seen as personal traits that could have significant societal consequences. A king’s favor could be a matter of life and death, and Haman’s pride led him to believe that his power would protect him. Yet, God’s justice ensured that Haman’s pride led to his fall, and the Jewish people were saved. This story reminds us that, no matter how powerful evil may seem, God's plan will always triumph. Through the downfall of the proud and the protection of the humble, God’s justice is shown in action, teaching us that pride and hatred can never have the final say when God is at work.
DEVOTIONAL ALLEGORY: "The Fall of the Proud"
Have you ever seen someone who thought they were unstoppable, only to watch them fall because of their own pride?
In 1998, Lance Armstrong was on top of the cycling world. He won seven Tour de France titles and was celebrated as an inspiration. But behind the scenes, he was hiding a doping scandal. For years, he denied any wrongdoing, even attacking those who questioned him. But the truth eventually came out, and his victories were stripped away. His pride and deception led to his downfall.
Haman’s story in Esther 7-8 is similar. He was powerful, honored, and full of pride. But instead of using his position for good, he let his hatred for Mordecai consume him. He built a gallows to execute Mordecai, thinking he was in control. But in a stunning turn of events, the king saw the truth, and Haman was the one who ended up being executed on the very gallows he built (Esther 7:9-10). His pride led to his destruction.
The Bible warns us in Proverbs 16:18 (NIV), “Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall.” Haman’s story reminds us that when we let pride and hatred rule our hearts, we set ourselves up for disaster. But when we walk in humility and trust God’s justice, He will lift us up in the right way and at the right time.
Reflection Question: Have you ever seen pride lead to someone’s downfall? How can we guard our hearts against arrogance and bitterness?
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: Clarifying a Difficult Teaching
In Esther 7:8, King Xerxes, upon returning to the banquet hall, finds Haman falling on Queen Esther's couch, pleading for his life. The king's attendants interpret this as an attempt to assault the queen, leading to Haman's immediate execution. This swift judgment might seem harsh, but it's important to understand the cultural and historical context. In ancient Persia, the king's word was law, and any perceived threat to the queen's honor was taken very seriously. Additionally, the attendants covering Haman's face was a customary gesture indicating his condemnation. Recognizing these cultural norms helps us grasp the gravity of Haman's actions and the king's response, shedding light on the narrative's progression.
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
The events in Esther 7-8 serve as a powerful reminder of how unchecked pride and hatred can lead to one's downfall. Haman's rise to power was fueled by arrogance and a deep-seated animosity toward Mordecai and the Jews. His inability to recognize his own flaws and his relentless pursuit of vengeance blinded him to the consequences of his actions. This narrative encourages us to reflect on our own attitudes and behaviors, prompting us to cultivate humility and empathy. By doing so, we align ourselves with God's justice and mercy, fostering environments where love and understanding prevail over pride and hatred.
Furthermore, the story illustrates God's sovereignty and His ability to orchestrate events for the good of His people. Despite the seeming triumph of evil, God's plan unfolds, bringing about justice and deliverance. This perspective invites us to trust in God's timing and His ultimate control over our circumstances, especially when faced with challenges or injustices. Believing in His providence empowers us to navigate life's difficulties with faith, knowing that His justice will prevail in the end.
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
1. How do you see the destructive power of pride and hatred in Haman's life? What can we learn from his downfall about the dangers of these attitudes in our own lives?
2. How did God’s justice bring about not only the defeat of evil but also the restoration of Mordecai and the Jewish people? In what ways can we trust God to bring justice in our own lives?
3. How does the reversal of Haman’s fortune (from power to execution) show the role of God in turning the tables on evil? Have you ever seen God work in a similar way, where He brings justice and restoration from a seemingly hopeless situation?
4. What are some ways we can guard our hearts against pride and hatred? How can we cultivate humility and love instead?
5. How do you find hope in knowing that God’s justice will ultimately prevail over evil in our world today?
BIBLE PASSAGE: Esther 7 and 8 (NIV) — Listen to Audio
1 So the king and Haman went to Queen Esther’s banquet, 2 and as they were drinking wine on the second day, the king again asked, “Queen Esther, what is your petition? It will be given you. What is your request? Even up to half the kingdom, it will be granted.”
3 Then Queen Esther answered, “If I have found favor with you, Your Majesty, and if it pleases you, grant me my life—this is my petition. And spare my people—this is my request. 4 For I and my people have been sold to be destroyed, killed and annihilated. If we had merely been sold as male and female slaves, I would have kept quiet, because no such distress would justify disturbing the king.”
5 King Xerxes asked Queen Esther, “Who is he? Where is he—the man who has dared to do such a thing?”
6 Esther said, “An adversary and enemy! This vile Haman!”
Then Haman was terrified before the king and queen. 7 The king got up in a rage, left his wine and went out into the palace garden. But Haman, realizing that the king had already decided his fate, stayed behind to beg Queen Esther for his life.
8 Just as the king returned from the palace garden to the banquet hall, Haman was falling on the couch where Esther was reclining.
The king exclaimed, “Will he even molest the queen while she is with me in the house?”
As soon as the word left the king’s mouth, they covered Haman’s face. 9 Then Harbona, one of the eunuchs attending the king, said, “A pole reaching to a height of fifty cubits stands by Haman’s house. He had it set up for Mordecai, who spoke up to help the king.”
The king said, “Impale him on it!” 10 So they impaled Haman on the pole he had set up for Mordecai. Then the king’s fury subsided.
Chapter 8
1 That same day King Xerxes gave Queen Esther the estate of Haman, the enemy of the Jews. And Mordecai came into the presence of the king, for Esther had told how he was related to her. 2 The king took off his signet ring, which he had reclaimed from Haman, and presented it to Mordecai. And Esther appointed him over Haman’s estate.
3 Esther again pleaded with the king, falling at his feet and weeping. She begged him to put an end to the evil plan of Haman the Agagite, which he had devised against the Jews. 4 Then the king extended the gold scepter to Esther and she arose and stood before him.
5 “If it pleases the king,” she said, “and if he regards me with favor and thinks it the right thing to do, and if he is pleased with me, let an order be written overruling the dispatches that Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, devised and wrote to destroy the Jews in all the king’s provinces. 6 For how can I bear to see disaster fall on my people? How can I bear to see the destruction of my family?”
7 King Xerxes replied to Queen Esther and to Mordecai the Jew, “Because Haman attacked the Jews, I have given his estate to Esther, and they have impaled him on the pole he set up. 8 Now write another decree in the king’s name in behalf of the Jews as seems best to you, and seal it with the king’s signet ring—for no document written in the king’s name and sealed with his ring can be revoked.”
9 At once the royal secretaries were summoned—on the twenty-third day of the third month, the month of Sivan. They wrote out all Mordecai’s orders to the Jews, and to the satraps, governors and nobles of the 127 provinces stretching from India to Cush. These orders were written in the script of each province and the language of each people and also to the Jews in their own script and language. 10 Mordecai wrote in the name of King Xerxes, sealed the dispatches with the king’s signet ring, and sent them by mounted couriers, who rode fast horses especially bred for the king.
11 The king’s edict granted the Jews in every city the right to assemble and protect themselves; to destroy, kill and annihilate the armed men of any nationality or province who might attack them and their women and children, and to plunder the property of their enemies. 12 The day appointed for the Jews to do this in all the provinces of King Xerxes was the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar. 13 A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued as law in every province and made known to the people of every nationality so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.
14 The couriers, riding the royal horses, went out, spurred on by the king’s command, and the edict was issued in the citadel of Susa.
15 When Mordecai left the king’s presence, he was wearing royal garments of blue and white, a large crown of gold and a purple robe of fine linen. And the city of Susa held a joyous celebration. 16 For the Jews it was a time of happiness and joy, gladness and honor. 17 In every province and in every city to which the edict of the king came, there was joy and gladness among the Jews, with feasting and celebrating. And many people of other nationalities became Jews because fear of the Jews had seized them.
EXTRA – NOT PART OF THE SESSION
Haman’s Fall: The Unmasking of Evil (Esther 7)
Esther’s Final Banquet (Esther 7:1-4):
The Setting: Esther invites the king and Haman to a second banquet, where she will finally reveal her request. King Xerxes asks again, "What is your petition, Queen Esther? It will be given to you." This time, Esther boldly answers:
"If I have found favor with you, O king, and if it pleases you, grant my life—and the life of my people—for we have been sold to destruction, slaughter, and annihilation."
The Reveal: Esther reveals that she and her people are doomed because of a decree by Haman, who had plotted to destroy the Jews.
What We Can Learn: The moment of truth has come. Esther’s courage in revealing Haman’s wicked plot not only brings her justice but also exposes the evil of Haman’s heart. In this moment, we see that evil, no matter how hidden or deceitful, will eventually be uncovered by God's hand.
Haman’s Desperation (Esther 7:5-10):
The King’s Wrath: Upon hearing Esther’s words, the king is enraged. He leaves the banquet in anger, and Haman, realizing that his plot has been uncovered, falls at Esther’s feet, begging for his life.
Haman’s End: When the king returns and sees Haman pleading with Esther, he mistakenly thinks Haman is attacking the queen. This seals his fate. The king orders Haman to be executed, and he is hanged on the very gallows that Haman had built for Mordecai.
What We Can Learn: The destruction of Haman is a clear illustration of how God’s justice prevails. Haman’s pride, hatred, and wickedness, which he thought were hidden, ultimately led to his own downfall. His own actions were turned against him. The scripture affirms that pride comes before a fall (Proverbs 16:18), and Haman’s story is a vivid example of this principle.
The Triumph of Justice: Mordecai’s Rise (Esther 8)
The King’s Decree (Esther 8:1-2):
Mordecai’s Promotion: After Haman’s death, King Xerxes gives Esther the estate of Haman. Esther, in turn, gives it to Mordecai, showing a dramatic reversal of fortune. Mordecai is given Haman’s position as the second-in-command in the empire.
What We Can Learn: God often works in ways that completely reverse the plans of the enemy. Haman sought to destroy Mordecai, but now Mordecai is honored in the very position Haman once held. This shows that God’s justice not only brings punishment to the wicked but also elevates the righteous.
Esther’s Plea for Her People (Esther 8:3-6):
A Second Petition: Esther approaches the king again, this time pleading for her people. She requests that the king allow the Jews to defend themselves against those who would still seek to harm them, as the decree Haman initiated is still in effect.
What We Can Learn: Even after Haman’s defeat, the consequences of evil remain. Esther's plea shows that God’s justice doesn’t just stop at the defeat of evil; it ensures protection and safety for the innocent. God’s justice brings about not just punishment but also protection and restoration for His people.
The King’s New Decree (Esther 8:7-17):
The Reversal of the Decree: The king grants Esther’s request and allows the Jews to defend themselves. A new decree is issued, giving the Jews the right to gather and protect themselves from their enemies, ensuring their survival.
What We Can Learn: God’s justice often includes both judgment and restoration. While Haman's evil plot was stopped, God’s ultimate justice also includes the vindication of His people and the restoration of their dignity and safety. God doesn’t simply allow evil to happen; He uses His justice to restore His people.
The Destructive Power of Pride and Hatred:
Haman’s Pride and Hatred:
The Root of Evil: Haman’s pride and hatred were the driving forces behind his plot against Mordecai and the Jews. His inability to humble himself and his desire to destroy others led to his eventual ruin.
What We Can Learn: Pride and hatred always lead to destruction. Haman believed he was above others, and his inability to show mercy or humility brought about his tragic end. We are reminded that holding on to pride and hatred can destroy relationships, opportunities, and even lives, while humility and love lead to life and peace.
God’s Justice Prevails Over Evil:
Victory for the Righteous: Despite Haman’s power and position, God’s justice triumphed. His pride and hatred were not only exposed but used as the very means by which he was brought down. God’s justice is a reminder that no evil deed goes unnoticed by God, and His plans will always prevail.
What We Can Learn: We may face evil, injustice, and hatred in the world, but we can take comfort in knowing that God’s justice will prevail. In the end, evil will be defeated, and the righteous will be vindicated. Trusting in God's justice frees us from taking matters into our own hands and empowers us to remain faithful to Him, even when it seems like evil is winning.
CROSS-REFERENCE
Here are some New Testament scriptures that echo the themes of pride leading to destruction and the virtues of humility:
James 4:6: "But he gives more grace. Therefore it says, 'God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.'"
1 Peter 5:5: "In the same way, you who are younger, submit yourselves to your elders. All of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another, because, 'God opposes the proud but shows favor to the humble.'"
Matthew 23:12: "For those who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted."
These passages reinforce the biblical principle that pride leads to downfall, while humility aligns us with God's favor and grace.
Closing Thoughts:
The downfall of Haman and the triumph of God’s justice is a powerful reminder that pride and hatred lead to destruction, while humility and trust in God lead to vindication and restoration. Throughout this story, we see how God uses His justice to both punish evil and protect His people. As believers, we can rest in the knowledge that no matter how powerful or hidden evil may seem, God is in control, and His justice will prevail. His plans for us are good, and He will work all things together for our ultimate good and His glory.
Session
6: With
God, There is Victory (Esther
9-10)-"Victory Through Faith: Celebrating God’s Deliverance"
Printable Download
Alistair Begg Sermon
The Tables are Turned
Remember, Remember!
Mordecai Was Great
READ: Esther 9-10 — Link to READ: Esther 9 -10
Focus: The victory of the Jews and the establishment of the feast of Purim.
Purpose Statement: To celebrate how, through faith in God, victory is won even in the darkest of times, and to reflect on how God’s deliverance impacts our lives today.
OVERVIEW
In Esther 9-10, we see the powerful and joyous victory of the Jewish people over their enemies, a victory that came through God’s deliverance. The Jews were saved from the plot to destroy them, and this event was so significant that it led to the establishment of the feast of Purim, a time of celebration and remembrance of God’s protection. As we reflect on these chapters, we can hold on to the truth in 1 Corinthians 15:57: “But thanks be to God! He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.” This verse highlights the idea that victory, especially over life’s greatest challenges, comes through God’s power. The key verse for this study is Esther 9:22: “As the time when the Jews got relief from their enemies and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy and their mourning into a day of celebration.” This moment of victory teaches us about the joy that comes when God brings deliverance.
EXAMINE THE TEXT
In Esther 9, the Jews are granted the right to defend themselves from Haman’s evil plot. What seemed like certain death turns into a victory as the Jews, under Mordecai's leadership, overcome their enemies. The feast of Purim is established to commemorate this incredible event. The name "Purim" comes from the word "pur," meaning "lot," because Haman had cast lots to decide the day of the Jewish destruction. However, the tables are turned, and it is Haman’s lot that leads to his downfall, as God’s intervention prevails.
In verse 22, we see how this victory is celebrated. It says that the Jews' “sorrow was turned into joy” and “mourning into a day of celebration.” This highlights the profound transformation that God can bring to His people. What was meant to be a time of grief and fear was instead turned into an occasion for joy and thanksgiving. This was a reminder to the Jews, and to us today, of how God can turn any situation around for good, even when things look impossible.
In Esther 10, we learn about the continued rise of Mordecai, who, having been promoted by the king, becomes second in command over the Persian Empire. His story, paired with Esther’s, reflects how God works through people who are faithful, showing that even in difficult circumstances, God’s plan for His people will not be stopped. In the culture of ancient Persia, loyalty to the king was paramount, and both Esther and Mordecai’s roles show how God can use even those in foreign lands to fulfill His purposes.
The feast of Purim, which is still celebrated by Jews today, is a reminder of the importance of remembering God’s deliverance and faithfulness. It was not just a moment of physical victory, but also a spiritual one, as the people were called to reflect on God's provision and to help those in need. The celebration of Purim emphasizes that when God’s people are faithful, and when they trust in His power, He will bring victory, no matter how difficult the battle.
DEVOTIONAL ALLEGORY: A Celebration of Unlikely Victory
Imagine a small underdog team making it to the championship game against a powerhouse opponent. No one expects them to win. The other team is bigger, stronger, and has won every game all season. But against all odds, the underdogs pull off an incredible victory! The crowd goes wild, and the players celebrate—not just because they won, but because they overcame something that seemed impossible.
In Esther 9-10, the Jewish people faced an even greater challenge. They weren’t just the underdogs; they were supposed to be wiped out completely! But God had a bigger plan. Through Esther’s courage, Mordecai’s leadership, and God’s unseen hand at work, the Jews experienced a great victory over their enemies. Not only were they saved, but they established a feast—Purim—to celebrate what God had done for them.
Like that underdog team, the Jewish people knew their victory wasn’t just about their own strength. It was God who turned their situation around. And just like them, we can trust that with God, there is victory—even when things seem impossible.
Whenever you see an underdog win—whether it’s a team, a person overcoming struggles, or a surprise victory—let it remind you of God’s faithfulness and power to deliver His people!
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: Clarifying a Difficult Teaching
In Esther 9:1, we read that the "tenth month, the month of Adar," was chosen by lot for the Jews' destruction. However, in verse 26, the Jews establish the feast of Purim in the twelfth month, the month of Adar, to celebrate their victory. This apparent discrepancy arises from the way ancient calendars were structured. In the Persian calendar, months were numbered rather than named, and the twelfth month corresponded to Adar. Therefore, the events occurred in the tenth month, and the celebration was held in the twelfth month, aligning with our modern understanding of the calendar.
Discussion Questions:
1. How does the establishment of Purim as a yearly celebration reflect the importance of remembering and celebrating God’s deliverance? What are some ways we can establish traditions in our own lives to remember God’s faithfulness?
2. In what areas of your life do you need to step out in faith, trusting that God will bring victory even when circumstances seem impossible?
3. How does the victory of the Jews through Esther and Mordecai inspire you to trust in God’s deliverance in your own challenges?
4. How can you apply the principles of faith and victory in God’s deliverance to situations you may face today?
5. Why do you think God emphasizes joy and celebration in times of deliverance? How can we cultivate joy and thanksgiving even in difficult circumstances?
BIBLE PASSAGE: Esther 9 and 10 (NIV) — Listen to Audio
9 On the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar, the edict commanded by the king was to be carried out. On this day the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but now the tables were turned and the Jews got the upper hand over those who hated them. 2 The Jews assembled in their cities in all the provinces of King Xerxes to attack those determined to destroy them. No one could stand against them, because the people of all the other nationalities were afraid of them. 3 And all the nobles of the provinces, the satraps, the governors and the king’s administrators helped the Jews, because fear of Mordecai had seized them. 4 Mordecai was prominent in the palace; his reputation spread throughout the provinces, and he became more and more powerful.
5 The Jews struck down all their enemies with the sword, killing and destroying them, and they did what they pleased to those who hated them. 6 In the citadel of Susa, the Jews killed and destroyed five hundred men. 7 They also killed Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha, 8 Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha, 9 Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai and Vaizatha, 10 the ten sons of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews. But they did not lay their hands on the plunder.
11 The number of those killed in the citadel of Susa was reported to the king that same day. 12 The king said to Queen Esther, “The Jews have killed and destroyed five hundred men and the ten sons of Haman in the citadel of Susa. What have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces? Now what is your petition? It will be given you. What is your request? It will also be granted.”
13 “If it pleases the king,” Esther answered, “give the Jews in Susa permission to carry out this day’s edict tomorrow also, and let Haman’s ten sons be impaled on poles.”
14 So the king commanded that this be done. An edict was issued in Susa, and they impaled the ten sons of Haman. 15 The Jews in Susa came together on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they put to death in Susa three hundred men, but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.
16 Meanwhile, the remainder of the Jews who were in the king’s provinces also assembled to protect themselves and get relief from their enemies. They killed seventy-five thousand of them but did not lay their hands on the plunder. 17 This happened on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and on the fourteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting and joy.
18 The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth, and then on the fifteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting and joy.
19 That is why rural Jews—those living in villages—observe the fourteenth of the month of Adar as a day of joy and feasting, a day for giving presents to each other.
20 Mordecai recorded these events, and he sent letters to all the Jews throughout the provinces of King Xerxes, near and far, 21 to have them celebrate annually the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar 22 as the time when the Jews got relief from their enemies, and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy and their mourning into a day of celebration. He wrote them to observe the days as days of feasting and joy and giving presents of food to one another and gifts to the poor.
23 So the Jews agreed to continue the celebration they had begun, doing what Mordecai had written to them. 24 For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the pur (that is, the lot) for their ruin and destruction. 25 But when the plot came to the king’s attention, he issued written orders that the evil scheme Haman had devised against the Jews should come back onto his own head, and that he and his sons should be impaled on poles. 26 (Therefore these days were called Purim, from the word pur.) Because of everything written in this letter and because of what they had seen and what had happened to them, 27 the Jews took it on themselves to establish the custom that they and their descendants and all who join them should without fail observe these two days every year, in the way prescribed and at the time appointed. 28 These days should be remembered and observed in every generation by every family, and in every province and in every city. And these days of Purim should never fail to be celebrated by the Jews—nor should the memory of these days die out among their descendants.
29 So Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim. 30 And Mordecai sent letters to all the Jews in the 127 provinces of Xerxes’ kingdom—words of goodwill and assurance— 31 to establish these days of Purim at their designated times, as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had decreed for them, and as they had established for themselves and their descendants in regard to their times of fasting and lamentation. 32 Esther’s decree confirmed these regulations about Purim, and it was written down in the records.
10 King Xerxes imposed tribute throughout the empire, to its distant shores. 2 And all his acts of power and might, together with a full account of the greatness of Mordecai, whom the king had promoted, are they not written in the book of the annals of the kings of Media and Persia? 3 Mordecai the Jew was second in rank to King Xerxes, preeminent among the Jews, and held in high esteem by his many fellow Jews, because he worked for the good of his people and spoke up for the welfare of all the Jews.
EXTRA – NOT PART OF THE SESSION
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT: Seeing the Bigger Picture of God's Plan
The story of Esther reminds us that God can use anyone, regardless of their background, to fulfill His purposes. Esther, a Jewish orphan, became queen and played a crucial role in saving her people. This shows that God places us in specific situations and positions to be instruments of His deliverance. Even when facing challenges, we can trust that God has a plan for us and is working behind the scenes to bring about His will.
CROSS-REFERENCE: Similar Scriptures in the New Testament
The New Testament also emphasizes God's deliverance and the importance of faith. Here are a few verses that echo the themes found in Esther:
Romans 8:1: "Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus." This verse assures us of our deliverance from sin through faith in Jesus.
Ephesians 2:8-9: "For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God—not by works, so that no one can boast." These verses highlight that our salvation and deliverance are gifts from God, received through faith.
Revelation 7:10: "They cried out in a loud voice: 'Salvation belongs to our God, who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb.'" This passage depicts the ultimate deliverance and victory of God's people.
The Victory of the Jews (Esther 9)
The Day of Deliverance (Esther 9:1-16):
The Jews’ Victory: On the 13th day of the 12th month, the day that had been set for their annihilation, the Jews instead gathered to defend themselves. They were given the power to destroy their enemies, and they triumphed over those who sought their destruction.
What We Can Learn: Despite the intense opposition and the seeming certainty of their fate, God’s intervention brought victory. It’s a reminder that with God, even in the darkest times, there is hope, and with faith, victory is possible. The Jews, through their courage and faith in God’s protection, were delivered from destruction.
The Establishment of Purim (Esther 9:17-32):
The Feast of Purim: After their victory, the Jews celebrated their deliverance by instituting a feast called Purim. This annual feast was a time to celebrate their salvation and to remember how God had turned their circumstances from certain death to life.
What We Can Learn: Purim is a celebration of God’s faithful deliverance. It was not just a time to rejoice in their survival, but also a reminder of God’s faithfulness and the importance of remembering and sharing His mighty works. God desires for His people to remember His deliverance, not just in their personal lives but also as a community. We are called to celebrate and give thanks for His salvation, as the Jews did with Purim.
The Role of Esther and Mordecai in Deliverance (Esther 9:29-32):
The Leaders’ Role: Esther and Mordecai, who had been instrumental in bringing about this deliverance, are acknowledged for their leadership. Their faith and courage, alongside the faithfulness of the Jewish people, led to a monumental victory.
What We Can Learn: Esther and Mordecai’s actions demonstrate the importance of stepping out in faith and trusting God, even when the situation looks bleak. God works through those who are willing to act on behalf of His people, and He uses ordinary individuals to accomplish extraordinary things. They were obedient to God, and through their leadership, the people were saved. In our own lives, we are called to lead in faith, trusting that God will bring victory even when the odds seem impossible.
The Celebration of Purim (Esther 9:29-32)
The Importance of Remembering (Esther 9:29-32):
Purim as a Remembrance: The Jews were commanded to celebrate Purim as a memorial of God’s deliverance, ensuring that future generations would remember how God saved them from destruction. It was a time of feasting, giving gifts, and celebrating the joy of their salvation.
What We Can Learn: Celebration is an important aspect of our faith journey. God desires for us to remember and celebrate His goodness and faithfulness. Celebrating God’s deliverance, whether through special times of thanksgiving or simply by recounting His faithfulness in our daily lives, strengthens our faith and inspires gratitude in our hearts.
Joy in Deliverance (Esther 9:22):
The Focus of Purim: Purim was not only a time to remember God’s deliverance but also a time of joy and feasting. It was an opportunity to rejoice in the victory God had given and to share that joy with others.
What We Can Learn: When God delivers us from trials, we should rejoice! Faith in God leads to victory, and that victory brings joy. The celebration of Purim reminds us that, even in hard times, joy can be found in knowing that God is with us, fighting for us, and delivering us from evil.
The Lasting Impact of Deliverance:
God’s Faithfulness Endures (Esther 10):
The Elevation of Mordecai: Mordecai is promoted to a high position in the kingdom, and he uses his influence to ensure the well-being of the Jews. His faithfulness is rewarded, and he continues to work for the good of God’s people.
What We Can Learn: Mordecai’s promotion shows that faithfulness in difficult times leads to reward. In the same way, when we trust in God, He honors our faith and uses us to impact the lives of others. God’s deliverance is not just a one-time event but continues to shape the future of His people.
Victory Through Faith in God:
God’s Role in Deliverance: The entire story of Esther reveals that, while human action is important, it is ultimately God’s providence and deliverance that lead to victory. God’s hand was evident throughout, from Esther’s rise to the throne to the defeat of Haman’s plot. The Jews’ victory came because of their trust in God’s timing, wisdom, and protection.
What We Can Learn: Our victory, just like the Jews’, is ultimately found in God’s deliverance. When we step out in faith, trusting in God’s provision and timing, we can experience His victory in our lives, even in the darkest of times. God is always at work behind the scenes, orchestrating events for the good of His people.
The study of Esther delves into the themes of courage, providence, and divine sovereignty, exploring how God uses ordinary people to accomplish extraordinary purposes. As the renowned preacher Charles Spurgeon once said, "God’s providence is the great thread that runs through the story of Esther, though it is not always visible, it is always at work."
1: Introduction to Esther: "A Time for Esther: God's Sovereignty"- Esther 4:14
2: Setting the Stage (Esther 1-2)-"From Exile to Opportunity: The Beginning of Esther's Story"
3: Have Courage (Esther 3-4)-"Courage in the Face of Crisis: Esther’s Bold Decision"
4: Faithfulness Brings Honor (Esther 5-6)-"God’s Timing and Favor: Faithfulness in Action"
6: Pride and Hatred Lead to Destruction (Esther 7-8)-"The Fall of the Proud: God’s Justice in Action"
The Book of Esther shows how God intervened once again to save the Jews. This fast-moving story occurs during the reign of the Persian king Xerxes (most likely Xerxes I, 486–465 BC). It relates the adventures that take place when a Jewish exile named Esther and her cousin and guardian Mordecai work to rescue their people from a plot to destroy them. While the story never mentions God by name, God’s hand of protection can be detected in the timing and combination of events as they unfold.
The book features numerous banquets, including two hosted by Xerxes at the beginning, two given by Esther in the middle, and two celebrated by the grateful Jews at the end. Since this story was told to later generations during the feast of Purim itself, the audience is placed right in the middle of the action. Those who read it can not only join in celebrating God’s deliverance, but they can ask themselves, as Mordecai asked Esther, for what great purpose God may have brought them to their own position in life.
This is a historical narrative, and it is a wonderful example of God making a plan before we know we need a plan. God saw what was going to happen for the Jewish people at the hands of a political advisor of this king, and God arranged things so that Esther would be in a place of influence that would ultimately save the people of God. What an extraordinary story and an extraordinary young lady who found herself in a position of influence whom God could use to change the destiny of a people.
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