Exodus
Session
1: God’s Plan in Egypt
Printable Download
Read:
(Exodus 1–3)
Title:
"God’s
Provision Begins with a Person”
Overview:
The
book of Exodus begins with a shift in Israel's circumstances.
Joseph’s generation has passed, and a new Pharaoh rises, who does
not know Joseph or his contributions to Egypt. This new ruler
enslaves the Israelites and enacts harsh measures to suppress them,
including the killing of their male infants. In the midst of this
oppression, God raises up a deliverer—Moses. Chapters 1 through 3
introduce Moses’ birth, his flight to Midian, and God’s call to
him through the burning bush, revealing that God sees His people's
suffering and plans to rescue them.
God’s covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob is foundational in these chapters. Though Pharaoh seeks to destroy Israel, God’s plan for His people cannot be thwarted. Moses’ early life, marked by divine protection and preparation, sets the stage for his role as Israel’s deliverer. God’s appearance to Moses at the burning bush demonstrates His holiness, power, and compassion. God makes it clear: He has heard the cries of His people and will act.
These chapters remind us that God is never distant from His people. Even when circumstances seem dire, God is working behind the scenes, preparing deliverance. His call to Moses emphasizes His desire to use human agents in fulfilling His divine purposes, a principle that still applies to His work today.
Lead-In Questions:
Have you ever felt that God was distant in a time of suffering?
Why do you think God often works through people to accomplish His plans?
How does Moses’ story so far illustrate God’s care for His people?
Think
About This:
Moses’
life shows that God often uses unexpected people to accomplish great
things. His humble beginnings as a baby saved from death reflect
God’s ability to take what seems weak and insignificant and make it
vital to His plan.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
early chapters of Exodus remind us that God is deeply aware of our
struggles. Just as He heard the cries of the Israelites, He hears us
today. When life feels overwhelming, we can trust that God is working
behind the scenes. Like Moses, we may feel unworthy or ill-equipped
for what God calls us to do. However, God doesn’t call the
equipped; He equips the called. His presence and power are always
enough for the tasks He assigns us.
For Christians, this passage foreshadows God’s ultimate deliverance through Jesus Christ, who came to rescue humanity from the bondage of sin. Just as Moses acted as a mediator between God and His people, Christ is our perfect mediator, leading us into freedom.
Discussion Questions:
What
does Pharaoh’s oppression of the Israelites tell us about the
reality of evil in the world?
Pharaoh’s
actions show the destructive nature of sin and power when it is
wielded selfishly. This parallels the spiritual oppression believers
face today.
How
did God prepare Moses for the task of leading Israel?
God
protected Moses as a baby, placed him in Pharaoh’s household for
education, and allowed his time in Midian to shape him. Each step was
part of God’s plan.
What
does the burning bush reveal about God’s nature?
God’s
holiness is evident as Moses is told to remove his sandals. His
compassion is seen in His concern for Israel, and His power is
revealed in His ability to call and empower Moses.
Devotional
Thought:
“I
will be with you” (Exodus 3:12). Trust in God’s presence and step
forward in faith.
Our high school youth group spent an evening handing out burritos and warm clothes to homeless people last year. That was way out of my comfort zone. In fact, I was so uncomfortable with the idea that I was hoping I might get sick so I could skip the event. But I didn’t get sick, so I headed out with my group of students on a mission. I decided to share with my group how uncomfortable this made me feel. They looked at me and said they were uncomfortable too—but they wanted to do this and needed me to lead them. A lot of wonderful conversations and learning happened that night.
Moses didn’t want to lead Israel, so he tried to make excuses to get out of the task God wanted him to do. But God promised to be with him and wouldn’t take no for an answer. Community can do that too. It carries us into uncomfortable experiences and walks alongside us, encouraging and challenging us along the way. And through the challenge and support, we grow.
Being part of a community that challenges you may not be high on your list. But being challenged is one of the only ways we grow. And growing is what God calls us to do.
Find a group of people that will challenge you and walk alongside you in living for God. For me, it was a group of students who wouldn’t let me avoid an uncomfortable situation. And the results were amazing. — Bret Lamsma
Take-Home
Thought:
“God
doesn’t call us to be successful; He calls us to be faithful.” –
Mother Teresa
Moses initially doubted his ability, but God
reminded him that His presence would be enough. This is a powerful
reminder that we serve a God who equips us for every good work.
Session 2: God’s Power Over Pharaoh
Read: (Exodus 4–7)
Title:
"The
God Who Sends and Sustains"
Overview:
In
these chapters, Moses wrestles with God’s call. Despite miraculous
signs and God’s assurances, Moses doubts his ability to lead
Israel. God addresses Moses’ concerns by providing Aaron as a
spokesperson and demonstrating His power through signs like the staff
turning into a serpent and Moses’ hand becoming leprous.
Moses and Aaron confront Pharaoh, delivering God’s command to let His people go. Pharaoh’s hardened heart results in the first demonstration of God’s judgment: turning the Nile into blood. God makes it clear that He alone is sovereign over Egypt and Pharaoh’s gods. Pharaoh’s refusal to listen begins a cycle of confrontation that will reveal God’s power and Pharaoh’s stubbornness.
These events highlight the interplay of divine sovereignty and human response. God’s persistence with Moses, His signs and wonders, and Pharaoh’s resistance demonstrate that God’s plan will not be thwarted. For believers, this passage reminds us of the importance of obedience and trusting in God’s power, even when facing opposition.
Lead-In Questions:
Have you ever doubted your ability to follow God’s calling?
Why do you think Pharaoh was so resistant to God’s command?
How do signs and wonders strengthen faith or challenge unbelief?
Think
About This:
God
doesn’t require perfect faith from us—only a willingness to obey.
Moses’ initial doubts didn’t disqualify him; instead, they became
an opportunity for God to demonstrate His faithfulness.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
Moses’
struggle to trust God is something we can all relate to. We often
feel overwhelmed or unqualified for what God calls us to do. Yet God
provides for us just as He did for Moses, equipping us with what we
need. Whether it’s through the encouragement of others, the
empowerment of His Spirit, or tangible resources, God sustains His
people.
Pharaoh’s resistance reminds us of the spiritual battle we face today. Just as Pharaoh opposed God’s will, the forces of sin and darkness resist God’s work in the world. Yet, we are assured that God’s power is greater. For Christians, the cross is the ultimate proof of God’s victory over every obstacle.
Discussion Questions:
Why
was Moses hesitant to accept God’s call?
Moses
doubted his speaking ability and feared rejection. This shows how
human insecurity often blinds us to God’s provision and power.
What
does Pharaoh’s refusal teach us about the dangers of a hardened
heart?
Pharaoh’s
resistance illustrates the danger of pride and rebellion against God.
Each act of defiance hardened his heart further.
How
do the signs God gave Moses reflect His authority?
The
signs were a direct challenge to Pharaoh’s power and the Egyptian
gods, proving that the God of Israel was the true and sovereign Lord.
Devotional Thought: Exodus 4:12: “Now go; I will help you speak and will teach you what to say.”
In our life of faith, there are times when God calls us to tasks that can seem beyond our abilities. Like Moses, we might think we lack the skills or eloquence to do what God has asked. Doubts and insecurities can grip our hearts, causing us to question whether we can truly serve God’s purpose.
When God called Moses to go before Pharaoh and lead the Israelites out of Egypt, Moses hesitated. He felt that he could not communicate the message well. He may even have had a speech impediment. But God said, “Who gave human beings their mouths?” In other words, God is the one who equips and empowers the ones he calls. So he assured Moses that he would be with him, guiding his words and actions.
Just as God did not overlook Moses’ concerns, he also sees our doubts and knows our limitations. But God chooses us, imperfect as we are, to accomplish his plans. And it is in our moments of weakness that God’s strength shines through. He delights in using us to accomplish extraordinary feats for his glory.
When we feel inadequate, let’s remember that our sufficiency comes from God alone. He provides the necessary resources, wisdom, and strength to carry out his purposes. We can trust that God will equip us with exactly what we need, and he will never leave us to face our challenges alone.— Darrell Delaney
Take-Home
Thought:
“God
does not call the qualified; He qualifies the called.” – Mark
Batterson
Moses’ hesitations remind us that God’s strength
is made perfect in our weakness. When we rely on Him, we can
accomplish more than we ever thought possible.
Session 3: God’s Deliverance Begins
Read: (Exodus 8–11)
Title:
"Signs
of Power: God’s Hand Against Egypt"
Overview:
The
escalating conflict between God and Pharaoh unfolds through the
plagues, each displaying God’s power and sovereignty over Egypt’s
gods. These chapters cover the second through ninth plagues: frogs,
gnats, flies, livestock disease, boils, hail, locusts, and darkness.
Each plague demonstrates God’s control over creation and Pharaoh’s
inability to resist His will.
God’s purpose is twofold: to compel Pharaoh to release His people and to show that He alone is the true God. The plagues were not arbitrary but targeted Egypt’s deities, undermining their perceived power. Despite the devastation, Pharaoh repeatedly hardens his heart or reneges on promises to let the Israelites go.
These events reveal the consequences of resisting God’s will and the lengths to which He will go to save His people. For believers, these chapters remind us that God’s deliverance often comes through a process, and His power will ultimately overcome any opposition.
Lead-In Questions:
Why do you think God chose to send multiple plagues instead of delivering Israel all at once?
How do the plagues demonstrate God’s justice and mercy?
What does Pharaoh’s repeated hardening of his heart teach us about human pride?
Think
About This:
The
plagues weren’t just acts of judgment; they were also opportunities
for Pharaoh and the Egyptians to recognize the one true God. Each
refusal to repent hardened Pharaoh’s heart further, showing the
danger of rejecting God’s authority.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
plagues remind us that God is both patient and just. His patience
with Pharaoh mirrors the grace He extends to all of us, giving
opportunities to repent and turn to Him. However, His justice ensures
that rebellion and sin will not prevail forever.
In our lives, we may encounter situations that feel like an ongoing struggle, similar to the drawn-out process of the plagues. These moments teach us perseverance and trust in God’s timing. As Christians, we can take comfort in knowing that Jesus’ victory on the cross has already secured our ultimate deliverance.
Discussion Questions:
What
do the specific plagues tell us about God’s power over Egypt’s
gods?
Each
plague challenged specific deities (e.g., Hapi, the god of the Nile,
during the plague of blood). This showed that Israel’s God was
supreme over Egypt’s entire pantheon.
Why
did Pharaoh repeatedly harden his heart?
Pharaoh’s
pride and desire to maintain control led him to resist God. This
highlights the destructive nature of sin and pride in human hearts.
What
can we learn from God’s persistence in sending the plagues?
God’s
persistence shows His commitment to His people and His plan. It also
demonstrates His willingness to give Pharaoh chances to repent before
bringing ultimate judgment.
Devotional
Thought:
It’s
not good for kings and presidents to have advisers who only agree
with them and say they are the greatest. Sometimes you have to
confront people in power with the truth. But they don’t always
listen.
God sent Moses as his prophet to speak to Pharaoh, king of Egypt. But Pharaoh didn’t recognize God. Pharaoh refused to free God’s people, the Israelites, from slavery, so God sent plagues that infested all of Egypt. Pharaoh had magicians of the dark arts, but they had no power to stop the one true God. The magicians warned the king, but he wouldn’t listen.
Pharaoh did ask Moses to pray for him a couple of times. In this way he recognized Moses as a priest of God, but Pharaoh didn’t take God seriously. As soon as Moses prayed and God provided relief from a plague, Pharaoh would go back on his word—again and again.
You would think that God would just give up on Pharaoh and destroy him. But God wants to forgive and to restore people to live with justice, doing what’s right. That’s why he calls us to pray for our enemies. It’s not easy to act like priests in that way for others, and yet we keep praying for them even when we don’t see any change.
Why? Because God has forgiven and restored us. Though we were his enemies (Romans 5:10), Jesus gave his life for our sake, so that we can have new life and live with justice and love for all. Who are the ones who need your prayers today? — Pete Byma
Take-Home
Thought:
“God’s
delays are not denials. Trust His process.” – Charles
Spurgeon
The plagues remind us that God’s plan unfolds in His
perfect timing. When facing opposition or delay, we can trust that
God is working for our deliverance.
Session 4: The Passover and the Exodus
Read: (Exodus 12–13)
Title:
"The
Blood That Saves"
Overview:
The
narrative reaches its climax with the final plague: the death of the
firstborn in Egypt. God instructs the Israelites to prepare for
deliverance through the institution of the Passover. Each household
is to sacrifice a lamb, apply its blood to the doorposts, and eat the
meal in haste, ready to leave. This act of obedience marks Israel’s
faith and trust in God’s provision for their rescue.
At midnight, the Lord strikes down the firstborn of Egypt, from Pharaoh’s household to the lowest servant. The grief is overwhelming, and Pharaoh finally orders the Israelites to leave. The Israelites depart in haste, taking with them the wealth of Egypt, as the Egyptians urge them to go quickly. God’s faithfulness to His covenant is displayed as He leads His people out of bondage and begins their journey to the Promised Land.
These chapters underscore the significance of the Passover, both as a historical act of deliverance and as a foreshadowing of Christ’s sacrifice. Just as the blood of the lamb saved Israel, the blood of Christ redeems believers today.
Lead-In Questions:
Why do you think God instituted the Passover as part of the Israelites’ deliverance?
What does the death of the firstborn reveal about the cost of rebellion against God?
How do you see God’s justice and mercy working together in this story?
Think
About This:
The
Passover lamb was a picture of substitutionary atonement—someone
else taking the punishment for sin. This points us to Jesus, the Lamb
of God, who takes away the sin of the world (John 1:29).
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
Passover is not just a historical event; it holds deep spiritual
significance for Christians. The blood of the lamb that saved
Israel’s firstborn points directly to the blood of Christ, shed for
the forgiveness of sins. Just as the Israelites were saved by obeying
God’s command and trusting in His provision, we are called to trust
in Jesus as our ultimate deliverer.
The haste of the Israelites’ departure reminds us of the urgency of responding to God’s call. Today, we are called to be ready for His guidance and to leave behind anything that binds us in spiritual slavery. Our ultimate exodus is from sin and death, and our destination is eternal life with God.
Discussion Questions:
Why
was the blood of the lamb necessary for the Israelites’
protection?
The
blood was a sign of obedience and faith in God’s provision. It also
served as a substitute, pointing to the need for atonement.
What
does Pharaoh’s response to the final plague teach us about the
consequences of resisting God?
Pharaoh’s
refusal to submit to God led to devastating loss. It illustrates the
cost of hard-heartedness and rebellion against God.
How
does the Passover meal connect to the Lord’s Supper for
Christians?
The
Passover meal commemorates deliverance from physical slavery, while
the Lord’s Supper celebrates deliverance from spiritual slavery
through Christ’s sacrifice.
Devotional
Thought:
Reflect
on Hebrews 9:22: “Without the shedding of blood there is no
forgiveness.”
The firstborn sons of Israel were spared from death on Passover night. But this was not because they were better than the children of the Egyptians. The Israelites were no less sinful or depraved than the Egyptians. The Israelite firstborn were spared only because of the blood of the lamb.
When the Lord passed through Egypt and saw the blood on the doorframes of Israelites’ houses, he passed over those houses and did not allow the destroyer (death) to enter there.
It was not enough for the lamb to die. It was also necessary that the lamb’s blood be applied to the doorframe as a sign of God’s protection.
Likewise, it is not enough to know that Jesus Christ died on the cross. It is necessary to receive, by faith, the benefits of his death.
Christ died for our sins and rose again for our justification. Now we must receive him as our personal Savior. He is our Passover Lamb!
Take-Home
Thoughts:
“Christ
our Passover Lamb has been sacrificed.” – 1 Corinthians 5:7 The
Passover reminds us of God’s power to save and the cost of that
salvation. It calls us to live in gratitude and trust in the blood of
Christ, which secures our eternal deliverance.
Session 5: Crossing the Red Sea
Read: (Exodus 14–15)
Title:
"Through
the Waters: God’s Mighty Deliverance"
Overview:
As
the Israelites leave Egypt, Pharaoh changes his mind and pursues them
with his army. The people find themselves trapped between the Red Sea
and the advancing Egyptians, and they cry out in fear. God tells
Moses to stand firm and assures him that He will fight for His
people. Moses stretches out his staff, and God parts the sea,
creating a dry path for the Israelites to cross. When the Egyptians
attempt to follow, the waters return and engulf them, demonstrating
God’s power and protection.
Chapter 15 records the song of Moses and Miriam, a hymn of praise celebrating God’s deliverance. The song highlights God’s strength, faithfulness, and judgment against His enemies. It also looks ahead to the future, as the Israelites place their hope in God’s continued guidance to the Promised Land.
This dramatic rescue marks a turning point for Israel. It establishes God’s authority, reinforces His covenant faithfulness, and provides a powerful testimony of His ability to save. For believers today, the crossing of the Red Sea symbolizes salvation and victory over the forces of sin and death.
Lead-In Questions:
Have you ever faced a situation where you felt trapped, with no way out?
How do you respond when God’s plans seem impossible or unclear?
Why do you think God allowed the Israelites to experience fear before delivering them?
Think
About This:
The
crossing of the Red Sea is a reminder that God’s deliverance often
comes when we are completely dependent on Him. It teaches us to trust
His power even when circumstances seem hopeless.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
Red Sea crossing demonstrates God’s ability to make a way where
there seems to be no way. In our lives, we often encounter challenges
that seem insurmountable, whether it’s a personal struggle, a
broken relationship, or a spiritual battle. This passage reassures us
that God’s power is sufficient to bring us through.
For Christians, the Red Sea points to our deliverance through Jesus Christ. Just as the waters symbolized freedom from slavery for the Israelites, baptism symbolizes our freedom from sin. In both cases, it’s God who does the saving, and we respond with faith and praise.
Discussion Questions with Commentary:
Why
did God allow the Israelites to feel trapped at the Red
Sea?
Commentary:
God used this moment to teach them dependence on Him and to display
His power in a way that would strengthen their faith.
What
does the destruction of Pharaoh’s army signify about God’s
justice?
Commentary:
The drowning of the Egyptians shows that God’s justice is complete.
He defends His people and deals with sin decisively.
How
does the song of Moses and Miriam reflect the appropriate response to
God’s deliverance?
Commentary:
The song celebrates God’s power, faithfulness, and victory. It
teaches us to respond to His works with praise and gratitude.
Devotional Thought:
Meditate on Isaiah 43:2: “When you pass through the waters, I will be with you.”
God brought his people through the Red Sea and then defeated their enemies by having them swallowed by the sea (Exodus 14:1-15:21).
The Israelites were now delivered from slavery in Egypt, and God was leading them through a dry desert. The first water they discovered wasn’t drinkable until God used a piece of wood, thrown in by Moses, to take away the bitterness.
Then eventually they came to Elim, which means “large trees”—a place of 70 palm trees growing by 12 springs of water. These palms and springs represented the fullness of God’s blessing for all his people after a long, hard journey. In the Bible, the numbers 7 and 10 often signify fullness and completion, and we can see that 70 = 7 x 10. Further, the number 12 represents all of God’s people, because Israel was made up of 12 tribes, all descended from the 12 sons of Jacob (Israel).
Elim was therefore a place indicating the reliability of God’s promises. In the water that refreshed and sustained them, the people could literally taste the sweetness of God’s promised care. And in the cooling shade of the palm trees the people found rest and soothing protection from the harsh, desert sun. All of this pointed ahead to abundant blessings still to come in the great unfolding story of God’s faithfulness. — Julia Prins Vanderveen
Take-Home
Thoughts:
“God
makes a way where there seems to be no way.” – Don Moen
The
Red Sea crossing reminds us that God is a deliverer who fights for
His people. When we face life’s obstacles, we can trust Him to make
a path through the storm.
Session 6: God’s Provision in the Wilderness
Read: (Exodus 16–17)
Title:
"Daily
Bread: Trusting God to Provide"
Overview:
As
the Israelites journey into the wilderness, they quickly face
challenges. Without food and water, the people grumble against Moses
and Aaron, questioning God’s provision. In response, God provides
manna from heaven and quail to eat. He gives clear instructions on
gathering manna, teaching the people to trust Him daily for their
sustenance.
In chapter 17, the Israelites once again complain about a lack of water. God commands Moses to strike a rock at Horeb, and water flows out for the people to drink. This miraculous provision demonstrates God’s faithfulness even amid doubt and complaint. The chapter also includes the story of Israel’s victory over the Amalekites, where Moses’ upheld hands symbolize reliance on God for victory.
These events emphasize God’s patience and care for His people. They also reveal that trust in God’s provision is essential for spiritual growth. For Christians, the manna foreshadows Jesus as the Bread of Life, who meets our deepest needs.
Lead-In Questions:
Have you ever struggled to trust God to meet your needs?
Why do you think the Israelites were so quick to doubt God after witnessing the Red Sea crossing?
What does it mean to rely on God daily for provision?
Think
About This:
God’s
provision is not always what we expect, but it is always what we
need. The Israelites learned to depend on Him daily, just as we are
called to rely on Him for both physical and spiritual sustenance.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
Israelites’ struggle to trust God mirrors our own challenges. We
often face situations where God’s provision isn’t immediately
visible, and it’s easy to fall into worry or doubt. But just as God
provided manna and water in the wilderness, He promises to meet our
needs today.
For Christians, this passage points to Jesus, who declared, “I am the Bread of Life” (John 6:35). Just as the Israelites gathered manna daily, we are called to seek God daily for spiritual nourishment. This reminds us of the importance of prayer, scripture, and trust in God’s care.
Discussion Questions:
Why
do you think God provided manna with specific instructions on how to
gather it?
The
instructions encouraged daily dependence on God. They also emphasized
obedience and trust in His provision.
What
does the water from the rock in chapter 17 teach us about God’s
character?
It
shows God’s patience and faithfulness, even when His people doubt
Him. It also points to Jesus, the Rock who provides living water.
How
does the battle against the Amalekites illustrate reliance on
God?
Moses’
upheld hands showed that victory depended on God’s power, not human
effort. It’s a reminder to rely on Him in our battles.
Devotional
Thought:
Reflect
on Jesus’ words in Matthew 6:11: “Give us today our daily bread.”
The adventures of Israel as God delivers them from slavery in Egypt and cares for them in the wilderness are truly amazing. Again and again the Lord redeems them and keeps them safe from hunger, thirst, and danger.
In today’s verses God delivers Israel from hunger and tests their willingness to obey him. The food that God provides requires the people to obey some specific instructions. Will they trust God enough to obey him? Gathering a surplus of food and then storing it to have enough in the future is the Egyptian way. Trusting the Lord to meet their needs every day will be Israel’s new way.
Later in Exodus 16 we find that some of the Israelites gathered more than they needed, contrary to God’s instructions to gather only enough for each day. They tried to gain some security for themselves, but that backfired. Then, on the day before the Sabbath, some failed to gather enough for two days so that they could obey God’s wishes for the Sabbath. But they went hungry that day and faced God’s displeasure.
Many years later a substitute Israelite came, One who passed every obedience test and then laid down his perfect life for sinners. Jesus offered his life as atonement for all who have failed to obey or believe what God has told them. Thank you, Lord! — David Den Haan
Take-Home
Thought:
“God’s
work done in God’s way will never lack God’s supply.” –
Hudson Taylor
The wilderness journey reminds us that God is
faithful to provide for His people. Our role is to trust Him daily
and seek His will in all things.
Session 7: God’s Covenant at Mount Sinai
Read: (Exodus 19–20)
Title:
"The
Covenant Maker: God’s Laws for His People"
Overview:
In
Exodus 19, the Israelites arrive at Mount Sinai, where God calls
Moses to the mountain to establish a covenant with His people. God
promises that Israel will be His treasured possession, a kingdom of
priests, and a holy nation, provided they obey Him. The people agree,
and preparations are made for God’s presence to descend on the
mountain.
In chapter 20, God delivers the Ten Commandments, foundational principles for how the Israelites are to live in relationship with God and one another. These commandments reflect God’s holy character and His desire for His people to be set apart. They emphasize the importance of worshiping God alone, honoring one another, and living with integrity and justice.
This moment is pivotal in Israel’s history. The covenant at Sinai establishes their identity as God’s chosen people and sets the stage for their future as a nation under God’s law. For Christians, the Ten Commandments remain a guide for moral living and point us to our need for Jesus, who fulfills the law.
Lead-In Questions:
What does it mean to be a “kingdom of priests and a holy nation”?
Why do you think the Israelites were required to prepare themselves before God’s presence came down?
How do the Ten Commandments reflect God’s character?
Think
About This:
God’s
covenant at Sinai reveals both His holiness and His desire to dwell
among His people. The commandments are not just rules but a
reflection of what it means to live in relationship with a holy God.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
Ten Commandments are as relevant today as they were in Moses’ time.
They remind us of God’s standards for living and our need for His
grace when we fall short. In a world that often dismisses absolute
truth, the commandments provide a firm foundation for moral and
ethical decisions.
For Christians, these laws point us to Jesus, who perfectly fulfilled them and offers us righteousness through faith in Him. As we strive to live according to God’s principles, we demonstrate His love and holiness to a watching world.
Discussion Questions:
Why
did God give the Israelites the Ten Commandments at this point in
their journey?
The
commandments established their identity as God’s people and
provided a framework for their new life as a nation.
How
do the Ten Commandments reflect God’s relationship with His
people?
The
first four focus on loving and worshiping God, while the last six
emphasize loving others. Together, they show God’s desire for His
people to live in harmony with Him and one another.
What
does it mean that Israel would be a “kingdom of priests”?
This
phrase emphasizes their role in representing God to the nations and
living as a holy example of His ways.
Devotional
Thought:
Spend
time reflecting on Psalm 19:7–8: “The law of the Lord is perfect,
refreshing the soul. The statutes of the Lord are trustworthy, making
wise the simple.”
Just a few months after delivering his people Israel from slavery in Egypt, God gave them his commands from the smoking, trembling summit of Mount Sinai (see Exodus 19). And these commands are the standard for humankind: they drive us to ask for forgiveness, and they teach us how to live.
Bible teachers often point out that the Ten Commandments, written by God on two tables of stone, can be divided into two parts: the first part concerning our relationship with God (vv. 3-11), and the second part concerning our relationships with others (vv. 12-17). Many teachers also point out that Jesus summarized the law in two parts along these lines: Love God and Love your neighbor (see Matthew 22:37-40).
Today the commands of the two tables are still important for keeping our relationships with God and humanity healthy. We cannot expect to live a fulfilling life if we ignore God, worship money, use God’s name as a curse, work 24/7, disrespect our parents, hurt others, live promiscuously, steal, lie, or desire what rightfully belongs to others. If we don’t care about these basic guidelines for life—or even just some of them—our relationships will suffer. — George Young
Take-Home
Thought:
“God
never intended His commandments to be burdensome, but to show us the
way to freedom.” – Billy Graham
The covenant at Sinai
reminds us that God calls His people to live set apart for His
purposes. The Ten Commandments guide us in loving God and others
faithfully.
Session 8: God’s Connection - Laws
Read: (Exodus 21-31)
Title: Laws, Worship, and the Presence of God
Overview:
Exodus 21-31 provides a detailed account of God’s laws for the Israelites and instructions for worship. Chapters 21-23 outline civil and moral laws that guide justice and compassion within the community. These laws cover issues such as treatment of servants, restitution, and social responsibility, reflecting God's heart for fairness and care for others.
Chapters 24-27 transition to a focus on worship and the construction of the Tabernacle. God makes a covenant with Israel, and Moses ascends Mount Sinai to receive the instructions for the Tabernacle, a sacred space where God's presence would dwell among His people. Detailed descriptions are given for the Ark of the Covenant, the table for the Bread of the Presence, and the golden lampstand, emphasizing the holiness of worship.
In Chapters 28-31, God establishes the role of the priests, particularly Aaron and his sons, and gives further instructions for the Tabernacle’s use. These chapters also highlight the Sabbath as a covenant sign, underscoring rest and worship as central to the Israelites' relationship with God. Together, these chapters reveal a God who is both just and relational, desiring order in society and intimacy with His people.
Lead-In Questions:
How do you define justice and fairness in everyday life?
Why do you think God gave such detailed instructions for worship?
What role does rest play in your spiritual life?
Think About This:
God's laws reflect His character: holy, just, and compassionate.
The Tabernacle symbolizes God's desire to dwell among His people.
The Sabbath is not only a command but also a gift, reminding us to trust in God’s provision and rest in Him.
Bringing It Up to Date:
The principles behind the laws in Exodus 21-31 still resonate with Christians today. God's concern for justice challenges us to treat others with dignity and fairness. For example, His instructions for the care of servants remind us of the importance of compassion and respect in all our relationships.
The instructions for the Tabernacle and the Sabbath invite us to reflect on our own worship practices. Are we intentional about creating space to encounter God? Do we prioritize rest as an act of trust and obedience? In a world that values busyness, the Sabbath reminds us to rely on God and find our identity in Him rather than our work.
Discussion Questions:
What do the civil laws in Exodus 21-23 teach us about God's priorities for justice?
These laws emphasize fairness and protection for the vulnerable, such as servants and strangers, showing God's concern for the marginalized.
How does the Tabernacle reflect God's desire to be near His people?
The intricate design and sacred items point to a holy God who desires fellowship with His people, requiring their worship to reflect His holiness.
Why is the Sabbath significant, and how can we apply its principles today?
The Sabbath is a covenant sign of rest and trust in God. It reminds Christians to set aside time for worship and to depend on God rather than their efforts.
How do these chapters deepen our understanding of God's character?
These laws and instructions reveal God’s justice, holiness, and desire for relationship with His people.
Devotional Thought:
Scripture: Exodus 25:8 - “Then have them make a sanctuary for me, and I will dwell among them.”
God’s desire to dwell among His people is evident in the Tabernacle’s design. Every detail points to His holiness and love. Just as the Israelites built a space for God’s presence, we are called to make space for Him in our lives.
On a different thought, consider the foreigners living among us.
When we first moved overseas, everything was different for us—language, food, roads, social rules. It was humbling to need help from others to do something as simple as paying for public parking. I won’t forget the kind woman who helped us and kept smiling and talking in Italian—though we couldn’t understand a word. Her smile and dedication to help were a great gift.
Though our situation is much different from that of Israel in Egypt, I know the feeling of being a foreigner in need of help. God reminded Israel to remember their history of being vulnerable so that they could understand how strangers might feel in their midst.
Consider how refugees driven from their homeland or immigrants who have left their home might feel in a strange place.
God commanded his people not to oppress a foreigner or visitor or stranger for the simple reason that oppression hurts deeply. God’s people were to have empathy for others who came from a foreign land and needed help and hospitality, not opposition or oppression.
People who do not have the power of wealth and social status are to be protected by the law and supported by those who are in positions of power and influence. Tempting as it may be to follow the crowd, our identity as God’s people demands that grace be our guide.— Lloyd Wicker
Take-Home Thought:
“True worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for they are the kind of worshipers the Father seeks.” – John 4:23
Reflect on how justice and worship intertwine in your life. How can you better reflect God's character in your daily actions?
Session 9: The Golden Calf and God’s Mercy
Read: (Exodus 32–34)
Title:
"Faithfulness
in the Face of Failure"
Overview:
While
Moses is on Mount Sinai receiving the law, the Israelites grow
impatient and demand a tangible god to worship. Aaron yields to their
pressure, creating a golden calf, which the people worship with
revelry. God sees their sin and tells Moses He will destroy them and
start over with Moses. Moses intercedes for the people, appealing to
God’s promises and His glory among the nations. In His mercy, God
relents but disciplines the people.
After the incident, Moses meets with God again on the mountain. He pleads for God’s presence to continue with Israel, knowing they cannot move forward without Him. God agrees and reveals His glory to Moses, declaring His name and attributes. In chapter 34, God renews His covenant, reaffirming His promises despite Israel’s unfaithfulness.
This story reveals the seriousness of sin and the depth of God’s mercy. Despite Israel’s rebellion, God’s steadfast love prevails. It also highlights the need for a mediator—fulfilled ultimately in Jesus, who intercedes on our behalf.
Lead-In Questions:
Why do you think the Israelites were so quick to turn to idolatry?
What does Moses’ intercession for Israel teach us about leadership and prayer?
How does God’s response demonstrate both justice and mercy?
Think
About This:
The
golden calf incident reminds us that human hearts are prone to
wander. Yet, it also shows that God’s mercy is greater than our
failures when we repent and seek Him.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
The
story of the golden calf is a sobering reminder of how easily we can
place other things above God in our lives. Idolatry isn’t limited
to statues; it can be anything we prioritize over our relationship
with Him—success, possessions, or even comfort.
Yet, this story also offers hope. God’s willingness to forgive Israel points to His unchanging character. As Christians, we find ultimate assurance in Jesus, our mediator, who restores us when we fall. This passage challenges us to examine our hearts, repent of idols, and seek God’s presence above all else.
Discussion Questions:
Why
do you think Aaron gave in to the people’s demand for an
idol?
Aaron
may have feared the people’s anger or sought to please them, but
his failure shows the danger of compromising convictions under
pressure.
How
does Moses’ intercession reflect the heart of a true leader?
Moses’
willingness to plead for the people—even at personal
cost—demonstrates selflessness and a deep trust in God’s
promises.
What
do we learn about God’s character in His interaction with
Moses?
God
is just and does not tolerate sin, but He is also merciful and
faithful to His covenant. His revelation to Moses in Exodus 34:6–7
underscores His steadfast love and forgiveness.
Devotional
Thought:
Seeking
God’s Glory
Reflect
on Exodus 34:6: “The Lord, the Lord, the compassionate and gracious
God, slow to anger, abounding in love and faithfulness.”
In Colossians 3 the apostle Paul gives us a list of sweet and nutritious fruit that Christians will produce in their lives—because the Spirit of God is working in them. The first item listed there is compassion. (Another well-known passage about spiritual fruit is Galatians 5:22-23.)
When Moses met with God on Mount Sinai, God described himself as “the compassionate and gracious God.” For us, to know that God is powerful is good; to know that God is compassionate is a great relief.
When Jesus saw crowds of people around him, he also “had compassion on them.” For us, to know that Jesus is God’s eternal Son is good; to know that Jesus is compassionate is liberating.
To “live a life worthy of the Lord” is to be compassionate. Would people who live and work and play with me use that word to describe me? Would my neighbors use that word to describe the church I attend?
A compassionate person sees others not as competitors or as someone to defeat, not as consumers to sell something to, not as someone belonging to this or that ethnic group or social class. A compassionate person first of all sees others as persons who are loved by God and for whom Jesus has compassion. — Harvey Stob
Take-Home
Thought:
“God’s
mercy is greater than any sin we could ever commit.” – Charles
Spurgeon
The golden calf story reminds us to guard against
idolatry and trust in God’s mercy when we fall. He is always ready
to restore us when we turn back to Him.
Session 10: The Tabernacle and God’s Presence
Read: (Exodus 35–40)
Title:
"A
Dwelling Place for God"
Overview:
As
the book of Exodus concludes, the focus shifts to the construction of
the Tabernacle, God’s chosen dwelling place among His people. Moses
relays God’s instructions, and the Israelites bring offerings of
materials, skill, and labor. The people respond generously, and the
Tabernacle is constructed according to the detailed plans given by
God.
The Tabernacle symbolizes God’s desire to dwell with His people. Every aspect of its design reflects His holiness and the need for careful preparation to approach Him. Once completed, the Tabernacle is filled with God’s glory, signifying His approval and presence with Israel.
The Tabernacle foreshadows Jesus Christ, who is Immanuel, "God with us." It also points to the believer’s body as the temple of the Holy Spirit and the future reality of God dwelling with His people eternally. This final section of Exodus emphasizes God’s faithfulness to fulfill His promises and His desire for an ongoing relationship with His people.
Lead-In Questions:
Why do you think God gave such detailed instructions for the Tabernacle?
How does the Israelites’ willingness to give and work reflect their renewed commitment to God?
What does the Tabernacle reveal about God’s character and His relationship with His people?
Think
About This:
The
Tabernacle teaches us about the holiness of God and His desire to be
close to His people. It reminds us that worship is both a privilege
and a responsibility, requiring preparation and reverence.
Bringing
It Up to Date:
For
Christians, the Tabernacle is a powerful reminder of God’s presence
in our lives. Through Jesus, God dwells with us in a personal and
intimate way. The detailed construction of the Tabernacle reminds us
of the intentionality and care required in our relationship with Him.
This passage also challenges us to offer our resources, time, and talents for God’s work. Just as the Israelites gave generously, we are called to contribute to the building of God’s kingdom, knowing that our efforts bring glory to Him.
Discussion Questions:
Why
were the people so willing to give and work for the Tabernacle?
After
the golden calf incident, the people had a renewed sense of gratitude
and desire to honor God’s presence among them.
What
does God’s presence filling the Tabernacle signify for Israel?
It
shows that God accepted their offerings and efforts and was pleased
to dwell among them. His presence affirmed His covenant faithfulness.
How
does the Tabernacle foreshadow Jesus and His role in salvation?
The
Tabernacle was a physical reminder of God’s presence and the need
for a mediator. Jesus fulfills this role perfectly as the ultimate
mediator and the means by which we experience God’s presence.
Devotional
Thought:
Reflect
on John 1:14: “The Word became flesh and made His dwelling among
us.”
I had eaten the last of my peanut butter on the Appalachian Trail and needed more food. So at Rockfish Gap, I decided I would leave the trail and go into town to replenish.
That’s not how the Israelites made decisions during their wilderness journey. They waited for a signal. God had instructed his people to build a tabernacle, a large tent, to serve as a portable sanctuary for worship. At the tabernacle God would dwell in their midst, and the people could worship him there. God’s glory hovered over the tent, and whenever it lifted, they would set out and follow wherever God would lead them next.
The tabernacle in the wilderness pointed forward to the temple that would be built in Jerusalem many years later (1 Kings 6). What’s more, both the tabernacle and the temple pointed forward to another mark of God’s presence among his people. John 1:14 tells us that “the Word”—that is, Jesus—“became flesh and made his dwelling among us.” The original Greek text there says, more literally, that “the Word became flesh and pitched his tent among us, and we beheld his glory.” Jesus came to bring God’s glory in human flesh among his people, and now, through the Holy Spirit, he lives in our hearts and is present with us wherever we go. He calls us to serve others, and he promises never to leave or forsake us. — Kurt Selles
Take-Home
Thought:
“God
desires not just to reside among His people but to dwell within
them.” – A.W. Tozer
The Tabernacle points to God’s deep
desire to be with us. Through Christ, we have the privilege of
experiencing His presence every day.
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